Bùng nổ lưu lượng dữ liệu di động - Thách thức với các nhà mạng

GHI NHAN TRAO DOI<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> BUNG NO LU'U LU'QNG<br /> DU LIEU Dl DONG<br /> ^AdcA t^ctC (MK. cdc ftA^ (HO^<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> LUu lUcTng du' lieu di dpng dang phat trien Ngdy nay tadn td ldm tdng luu lupng dii Ueu Id su<br /> bung no. Q mpt so thanh phd, dung lu'dng phdt triln cita dien thopi di ddng thdng mmh vd ede<br /> mang di dpng dang sir dung gan het. Nhu tMit hi "dongle" diing dl kit ndi laptop vdi mpng<br /> cau ve cac dich vu du' lieu di dpng dUdng nhU di ddng. Theo kit qua nghien eim eua Bernstein<br /> vUdt qua dung lu'dng mang, ngay ca khi cac Research, vdo cudi ndm 2008, cd 189 trieu kit ndi<br /> nha khai thac trien khai mpt loat cac ky thuat bang rpng khdng day, tpo ra trang blta khoang 175<br /> md rpng c6 s i n . Mb luu lupng dii Ueu mdi thdng. Mdt ndm sau dd,<br /> sd lupng kit ndi bdng rdng di dpng da la 312 trieu<br /> BUNG NO LU'U LU'ONG D Q LIEU DI vd tao ra trang blta 273 Mb luu lurag dii Ueu mdi<br /> DONG thdng. Nhu vdy, luu lutag dii Ueu di dpng da tdng<br /> 158% sau mpt ndm.<br /> Vdo giira tatog ndm 90 eua thi ky trade, mdy<br /> tita cd taan gia re, modem taata hon vd su khai Nhtog eon sd du bdo eUng thuc su ldm mpi ngudi<br /> sita ciia web la yeu td ldm tang luu lurag dii Ueu. stog sdt. Cisco, tad san xuat tMit bi mpng Ita taat<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 1 ! ?U1J<br /> S:;'.rco Osoj 7N Vob^, 2010<br /> <br /> Hinh 1: Dubao muc tang trudng luu luong du lieu di ddng toan cau<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 52 TAP CHi CNTT&TT KY 1 ( 6 . 2 0 1 0 )<br />  GHI NHAN TRAO D O I<br /> <br /> <br /> the gidi, du bdo ndm 2014 luu lupng dir Ueu di ddng rdng di ddng vdn edn eao vd luu lurag dii Ueu se<br /> tten todn eau se Id 3,6 exabytes (3,6 ti gigabytes) vdn tiip tue ttag tratag, ddc biet kM cdc dich vu<br /> mdi thdng, trong dd video cMlm 66% (hon 2,3 video ngdy cdng dupe sit dung rdng rai hon. Hien<br /> exabytes) tdng luu lutag tien (Htah 1). video da cMlm mdt ty le dang kl ttong luu lumg dii<br /> Ong Kai Sahala, dtog diu bp phdn tiip tM bdng Ueu di dpng. Theo chuyen gia ta van Peter Rysavy,<br /> rpng di ddng cua Nokia Siemens Networks eho biit dung lutag mtag khdng du dl ddp tog tau cau<br /> Men nay mite tang tratag eua du Ueu di ddng ehu mdi ndi. Ong du bdo tau cau cita ngudi sit dtag vdo<br /> yiu Id do viee sit dung ede modem USB 3G ttong ndm 2014 se vupt xa dung lurag niang ludi, ngay<br /> may tita xdch tay. Tuy nMen, trong 18 thtag qua, ea vdi eac tad khai thdc dp dtag ky thuat khae<br /> dien thoai thdng mita dd xuat Men tau la mdt taau dl md rpng dung luOTg dd. Bllu dd htah 2<br /> ngudn luu lurag dii Ueu tdng tratag taata chdng. cho thay tau elu vl mite sit dtag dii Ueu trung blta<br /> "Luu lupng dii Ueu ngdy cdng tra nen quan trpng, tren tat ca ede thue bao (ddi vdi mpt tad khai thdc)<br /> chu yiu do sd lumg ngudi sit dung dien thoai thdng va so sata vdi dung lurag trang bUih cho mdi ngudi<br /> mita tdng gap 4 lan sd ngudi dtag laptop". Gartner su dung (theo ndng luc eua mang), gia su eac tad<br /> ciing cho biit doata sd ban dien thopi thdng mita khai thac ed 50 MHz phd tin cho trien khai dich vu<br /> dat 172.400.000 mdy trong nam 2009, tang 23,8% dii Ueu bdng rpng.<br /> so vdi ndm 2008.<br /> <br /> <br /> G I A I PHAP D O I PHO<br /> Hien nay, cdc mang di dpng dang nd luc de dap<br /> tog su gia tang luu lupng dii Ueu. Tuy nMen, cd<br /> tatog mpng di dpng dd phii nim trai khd khan ta<br /> su gia tdng dot blln cua luu lupng dii Ueu. AT&T,<br /> tad mpng Ita thit hai d My, Id mpt vi du rd ret taat.<br /> De bao ve quyen phdn phdi iPhone duy taat, mang<br /> ndy da ddng y yeu cau eua Apple eho phep tMit bi<br /> ndy dupe ban di kdm gdi eudc ed duih. Nhung thay<br /> vl bdn dupe vdi trieu may iPhone tau du kiln, AT&T 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016<br /> Source: Rysavy Research 2010<br /> Men da bdn dupe 12-14 trieu cMlc eho cac khdeh<br /> hdng ciia mtah. Luu lupng dii Ueu cita AT&T da tang Hinh 2: Dubao ve nhu cau dCr lieu di dong va dung lupng<br /> hon 5.000% trong 3 nam qua. VI vdy, qua tal vd trung binh cho mdi ngudi sir dung<br /> nghen mpng da dien ra, ddc biet la d tatog thdta<br /> Hien nay, de giai quyet van dl nghen mpng vd su<br /> phd ddng due tau New York vd San Francisco<br /> gia tdng ngudi dtag tMit bi di ddng thdng mtah,<br /> Cac chuyen gia phdn tich eata bdo ring tra kM taieu mpng di ddng dang nang cap vd trien khai<br /> eac tad khai thdc thuc Men tatog dau ta quan eae ky thuat tien tien bao gdm ea chuyen ddi len<br /> trpng trong ca sd ha tang mang cita hp, niu khdng ede he thdng mpng theo edng nghe mdi, su dung<br /> cdc dich vu du Ueu di ddng se khdng dap tog dupc phd tan Meu qui hon tau LTE; vd sit dtag cae edng<br /> tatog tilm ndng vd mong dpi ve bdng rdng di dpng nghe vd tayIn tau WiFi, femtoceU... de giam bdt<br /> cua ngudi sii dtog. luu lutag dii Ueu sang cdc mang cd dita. Mpt giai<br /> Mpt ngMen eim gan day eua taforma eho thay phdp khde la tdng sd tram thu phdt sdng. Vi du: 6<br /> 2C% tram gdc eua mpt tad khai thac thutag eM tao My, sd lutag kit ndi di ddng da tdng ta 2,7 trieu vdo<br /> rf !0% luu lupng. Trong kM dd, tau eau ve btag<br /> <br /> <br /> TAP CHi CNTT&TT KY 1 ( 6 . 2 0 1 0 ) 53<br />  GHI NHAN TRAO D O I<br /> <br /> <br /> nam 1989 len 277 trieu vdo nam 2009. Cdc mpng ttong 10 ndm tdi vd trade mit se sit dung 1 OOMHz.<br /> di dpng cua My dd ddi phd vdi su gia tdng ndy bang Tuy nMen, cap them tta sd se khdng giai quyit<br /> each tang sd tram thu phdt sdng ta 3.600 tram len dupe tat ca cdc vta dl bdi tdi nguyen tan sd khdng<br /> 246.000 ttam trong ctog thdi gian. Ngodi ra, mdt phai la vd han. Unwired Uisight cM ra ring cude<br /> cdch re taat dl ttag dung lutag mpng Id bd sung dau gia phd tan mdi d 800 MHz tpi Ata se dien ra<br /> them dii tan sd hoae chuyen mang sang dai tan sd ttong nam nay, taung thuc tl khdng cd tMet bi cam<br /> thap hon de cho phep sdng vd tayIn di xuyen tatag tay ndo hoat ddng d btag tan 800MHz. Neu cM cd<br /> de dang hon. Do vdy, nMeu mang di dpng dang mdt ty le tad ngudi dtog sii dtag phd tan ndy, todn<br /> mudn lobby ede chita phii cho ttag them dai tan bd tae ddng vl dung lutag se bi hpn chl.<br /> hodc chuyin sang dai tan thuan tien hon trade kM<br /> 250<br /> dau ta hdng ty USD de ttag dung lutag mang.<br /> Sir dung cac cong nghe va ky t h u a t tien<br /> 200<br /> tien<br /> <br /> Thue tl, de data gid thdng lurag mang ciia cdc<br /> t5 150<br /> tad khai thac, can xem xet mpt eeU vd tayen cu<br /> the vd dung lupng ciia nd phu thude vdo bdng tan<br /> 100<br /> vd tayln eung tau Meu qua sit dtag phd tan ciia<br /> ehuan vd tayln dupc sit dtag-<br /> Cd thi dupe tdng dung lurag vd tayln len bing<br /> cdch sii dung cdc phuang thitc tray taap vd dieu<br /> chl cai tiln. Vi du: Thdng lutag tdi da eho mdi phan 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016<br /> ddi vdi mpt mpng tray cap gdi dir Ueu tdc dp eao 3G Busiest markets<br /> Source: Rysavy Research 2010<br /> (HSPA) Id khoang 2 megtait/gidy: 0,4 bps/Hz qua<br /> mpt bdng sdng mang 5 MHz. Tuy nMen, ed the nang Hinh 3: Dif bao ve nhu cau pho tan cua cac nha khai thcic<br /> cao tad sit dung HSPA +: tang them Meu qua phd<br /> Chuyen tai lu'u lu'dng<br /> tan den 0,9 bps/Hz, hay LTE.<br /> Mbi day, Nokia Siemens Networks dd cdng bd mpt Mdt ky thuat khdc ctag dupe nMeu tad khai thdc<br /> cdng nghe gpi Id giai phdp ttpm Meu nang eao, md quan tdm Id offload (chuyen tai) luu lutag sang cdc<br /> ed thi tdng gap ddi sd sector tren mdi ceU, qua dd mang khdc tau WiFi, femtoceU. Hang 02 tai Ata<br /> tdng dung lupng them 80%. Men dang sit dtag cdng nghe offload bing cdch<br /> eho phep eae iPlayer BBC (cdc kho luu trii theo yeu<br /> Bd sung t h e m phd t i n<br /> cau cua ede chuang trita trayen Mta vd phdt thata<br /> Bd sung them phd tta ctog la giai phdp dupe ciia cdc hang trayen Mta) chpy tren tMet hi cam tay<br /> nMlu tad khai thac sii dtag de tdng dung lutag- cM thdng qua mpt mpng LAN khdng day.<br /> Theo kit qua ngMen cim cita Rysavy, rUueu tad<br /> Offload hap din a ehd Id cM pM trien khai re hon<br /> mang tai nMlu thdta phd Ita tten thi gidi da sii<br /> nMeu so vdi bd sung them cae eeU. Ong Steven<br /> dtag gin hit tan sd 55-90 MHz. Hdng vien thdng<br /> Glapa, gidm ddc phdt triln kuih doata tai Ruckus<br /> di ddng AT&T (My) ctog cho biet hp da su dung hit<br /> Wueless eho biit Men nay ede tad khai thdc dang<br /> hon 50% ngudn tdi nguyen tan sd trade tau cau<br /> hutag tdi WiFi vl nd cung cap bdng thdng cao hon<br /> ngdy cdng cao cita tM tratag tieu dtag.<br /> ttong cdc cell tad hon. Mat khac, nMeu ngudi sit<br /> Ld mpt phan ttong Hoach dita bdng tan qude gia, dtag CO WiFi d tad, do dd ddy Id noi md phan Ita<br /> FCC da de xuat giai phdng 500MHZ phd tan mdi luu lutag dupe tao ra hoac tieu thu. Tuy nMen, dng<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 54 TAP CHI CNTT&TT KY 1 ( 6 . 2 0 1 0 )<br />  GHI NHAN TRAO D 6 I<br /> <br /> <br /> th...a tata ring WiFi ctag cd tatag taupe diem. Vi mata me cita dien thoai thdng mita ddng ngMa<br /> du: Nd sii dung mpt btag tan khdng dupe cap phdp, vdi viec cdc tad khai thdc can md rdng dung lutag<br /> vl thi khd kiem sodt phpm vi vd Meu ntag ciia nd. mang ldi. Theo dng, nut ed chai dau tien ma cdc<br /> Dllu dd rd rdng gdy khd khan cho cae tad khai thdc tad khai thdc can phai vupt qua la dita kich cd bd<br /> mong mudn cung cap ede thda thuan mire dich vu. diiu kMin vd dung lurag mang ldi, bao gdm eae bp<br /> Ngodi ra cdn cd the su dung femtoceU dl chuyin dieu kMen mpng vd rayen (RNC) vd ede niit chuyen<br /> tai luu lupng, Ipi ieh md nd ed the mang lpi phu mach.<br /> thude ehu yiu vdo ede tad khai thac. Mdt tad khai Ngodi ra, viec chuyen giao du Ueu Uen mach tau<br /> thdc ed ca mang di ddng vd ed dita ed the se lua thi ndo giiia mang vd tayln Men cd vd cdc mang<br /> chpn WiFi, trong khi cdc tad khai thdc di ddng tM khae ciing Id mpt thdch thire md tad khai thdc dang<br /> lpi chpn femtoceU bdi vl nd cho phdp hp kilm sodt gap phll. Vodafone cho bllt hp dang xem xet tat ca<br /> luu lutag hi dau cudi tdi dau eudi. ede CO hdi: Su dung phd tan, cdng nghe LTE tau thi<br /> Nhd khai thdc Hdn Qudc SK Telecom ctag dang ndo, offload luu lupng dii Ueu vd thdm cM Id tdi uu<br /> xem xdt cae edng nghe offload cho luu lumg bdng ede ludng dil Ueu [bing cdch su dtag giao thitc IP].<br /> rpng di dpng cua mtah vd du kiln khdng cM sit dung Cdn dng Belldgo cita Orange eho bill: "LTE Id edng<br /> femtoceU vd WiFi md edn sit dung WiBro. Tuy nMen, nghe md chiing tdi hutag tdi, taung nd se khdng cd<br /> ed nMeu van dl can gill quyit trade kM chita thitc tdc dpng vdo ndm 2011 vd tham cM el ndm 2012".<br /> triln khai offload "Cae ke hopch offload vd chuyen Do dd, eae giai phdp trade mat la rat cin tMet, bao<br /> giao, chiln lupc vd chita sdch van chua dupe xdc gdm ndng cap mang ludi vdi ede edng nghe HSPA vd<br /> dita", dng Suan Eoh, quan ly tadm cMln lupe cdng HSPA +. Orange Men dang ndng cap phd tan cita nd.<br /> nghe mpng ciia SK Telecom eho biit. Hang du kiln se ehuyin ddi he thdng 3G cita mtah<br /> Tat nMen, cdng nghe khdng phai la vii kM duy sang phd tin 900 MHz de ttag eutag vimg phu<br /> taat trong kho vii khi cua tad khai thdc dupc su sdng. Hdng eiing se thit ngMem 3G tal 1.800 MHz,<br /> dung dl quin ly luu lupng. Hp cting ed the sit drag hita hen se tdng gap ddi phd tan 3G vd do dd tdng<br /> gid cude de kiem scat tdc dp tdng tratag cita dii Ueu dung lutag. Orange ctag dang khdm phd tatog<br /> di dpng. Cdch don gian taat Id dp ddt mdt khoan edng nghe trayin htah mdi cho dich vu trayin htah<br /> cube pM ddng lopt dl han chl sd lurag dii Ueu md di dpng eua mita. Vd hdng ndy dang dat ra tatog<br /> mpt ngudi dung ed the tai vl mdi thdng. gidi han vl ede dieh vu dii Ueu dl trdta bi thu dpng<br /> kM tau eau dii Ueu tdng dot blln.<br /> Su xuat Men eua LTE vd viec su dung cae cdng<br /> nghe tau kiem scat gdi sdu vd kiem sodt chmh sdch Luu lutag dii Ueu di ddng se tiip tuc gia tdng, d l<br /> se cho ph6p cung d p ngdy edng nMlu dieh vu Uta trdta bi thu ddng vd ngap lut dii Ueu, ngay ta bay<br /> hoat vd phite tap hon. Vi du, mpt ke hopch tdi tMeu gid cdc mang di dpng can xdy dtag va hopch dmh<br /> khdng the hd trp eac dich vu video hay mdt mire uu mdt cMin lupc phdt trien ctag tau md rdng mpng<br /> tien luu lupng cita ngudi dtag se dupe hp cap tu ludi phii hop.<br /> dpng kM hp vupt qud gidi hpn cua hp. Biii Huyin<br /> Tai lieu t h a m khao:<br /> <br /> XEM XET TAT CA CAC TUY CHQN [1]. Data over wireless: Taking the strain. Total telecom plus,<br /> May 2010<br /> Trong kM dd, eac tad khai thdc dang ban rdn giai<br /> quyet tatag thdch thitc Uen quan tdi vdi vta de [21. Economist.com, cnet.com<br /> <br /> ndy. Hans Beijner, quan ly marketmg ddi vdi Uta<br /> vuc vo tayen tai Ericsson, cM ra ring su gia ttag<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> TAP C H i C-MT .55<br />