ciia " d i l n bien hoa binh" c6 ket hdp v6i yeu to bao loan, lat do cung dufdc chii nghia de quoc thuc hien thanh cong d mot loat<br />
nxXdc. Nhin nhan khai quat ve cuoc bao loan, lat do d mot so'<br />
nvf6c, CO the thay, mac dii c6 nhiJng diem khong giong nhau,<br />
<br />
" D I E N B I E N HOA B I N H " VA "TlT D I E N B I E N "<br />
T R O N G BOI CANH H I E N NAY<br />
P G S . T S . V A N DirC T H A N H *<br />
<br />
nhUng "each mang difdng pho", "each mang nhung", "each mang<br />
da cam"... chi la nhiing ten goi khac nhau de chi mot san pham<br />
"sang tao" ciia chii nghia de quoc: cong nghe gldnh chinh quyen<br />
thong qua bieu tinh. Thiic chat, day la nhiing cuoc dao chinh lat<br />
do chinh quyen theo kieu diing "bao liCc diidng pho\c biet<br />
nguy hiem k h i quan chiing bi kich dong bdi nhiing trung tam<br />
quyen liic t i i ben ngoai luon r^p tam "due nii6c beo c6".<br />
<br />
Cuo'i the ky XX, nhan loai phai giat minh canh tinh trxidc ba<br />
<br />
Sau k h i Lien X6 va cac niidc xa hoi chii nghia Dong A u sup<br />
<br />
nguy cd 16n: mot Id, chien tranh cong nghe cao do chii nghia de<br />
<br />
do, chii nghia de quoc ciing cac the liic phan dong quoc te se<br />
<br />
quoc tien hanh, v6i bo mat "chien tranh sach" nhUng d^ng sau<br />
<br />
diing moi thii doan, ke ca man kich "each mang nhung" de<br />
<br />
la hiem hoa hdn tat ca cac hiem hoa trxXdc; hai Id, "dien bien<br />
<br />
chong pha cac niidc xa hoi chii nghia con lai, trong do c6 Viet<br />
<br />
hod binh" cung ciia chu nghia de quoc, cai cong cu da lam tan ra<br />
<br />
Nam. Tren thiic te, da c6 nhiing dau hieu cho thay chiing ta can<br />
<br />
nhiing cUdng quoc tijfng la thanh t r i ciia hoa binh va each mang<br />
<br />
het silc canh giac nh^m chong lai am miiu, thii doan nguy hiem<br />
<br />
the gi6i, dieu ma moi cuoc chien tan kho'c tru6c do ciia chii<br />
<br />
nay ciia cac the liic thii dich, dac biet la giai quyet nhiing mat<br />
<br />
nghia phat xit khong the lam noi; ba Id, "each mang sac mdu" -<br />
<br />
trai chkc chkn se nay sinh trong qua t r i n h Viet Nam hoi nhap<br />
<br />
sii cong sinh giOa "dien bien hoa binh" va bao loan chinh t r i -<br />
<br />
nen kinh te the gi6i. "Dien bien hoa binh" dii la mot ke hoach<br />
<br />
ma tac gia mot Ian niJa khong ai khac chinh la chii nghia de<br />
<br />
rat cong phu ciia cac the liic thii dich nhifng ciing se khong c6<br />
<br />
quoc, mot cong cu khac giai quyet not phan con lai cua chien<br />
<br />
dat dien neu trong noi bo dat niidc ta khong xuat hien nhiing<br />
<br />
tranh cong nghe cao va "dien bien hoa binh".<br />
Co the thay ro rang la, chu nghia xa hoi ci Lien X6 sup do<br />
khong phai do chien tranh xam lUdc ciia chii nghia de quoc ma<br />
<br />
diem tiia thuan Idi cho chiing. Noi each khac, "dien bien hoa<br />
binh" chi lam cong viec nhan niit ket thiic k h i qua t r i n h "tiC<br />
dien bien" da chuan bi tien de day<br />
<br />
du.<br />
<br />
chinh do sU t r i tre ve kinh te - xa hoi ciing sai Mm ciia Dang va<br />
<br />
De phong, chong "dien bien hoa binh" mot each c6 hieu qua,<br />
<br />
Nha nu6c, va do chinh la that bai trif6c "dien bien hoa binh".<br />
<br />
nhat la pha vd cac mam mong ciia " t i i dien bien", t h i triictc het<br />
<br />
Tiep sau su sup do ciia Lien X6 la sii tan ra he thong xa hoi chii<br />
<br />
phai CO sii nhan dien thoa dang ve phiidng dien ly luan. Ro<br />
<br />
nghia d Dong Au, roi cdc cugc "each mang sac mdu' - mot di ban<br />
<br />
rang, khong phai bat cii sii yeu kem nao trong ddi song xa hoi,<br />
tham chi trong he thong chinh t r i va che do nha nxXdc, ciing deu<br />
<br />
* V i e n K h o a hoc X a hoi N h a n v a n q u a n sU, Bo Q u o c phong.<br />
<br />
252<br />
<br />
thuoc ve pham t r u "dien bien hoa binh". Doi v6i nxidc ta, noi den<br />
253<br />
<br />
"dien bien hoa binh" la noi den am mUu, thu doan tong the cua<br />
chu nghia de quoc va cac the IvJc thu dich hong lam chuyen hoa<br />
che do chinh tri cua ta tH ben trong ma khong can phai sii dung<br />
den bao luc vu trang de can thiep. Ve thiic chat, neu chien<br />
tranh la ke tuc cua chinh tri bSng thu doan bao Ixic vu trang<br />
mang tinh nha nxidc thi "dien bien hoa binh" ciing chinh la ke<br />
tuc cua chinh tri, nhUng bing thu doan phi bao Ivfc vii trang.<br />
Chufa the coi tinh trang thoai hoa, bien chat song chUa dung<br />
den che do chinh tri va nha nif6c la "dien bien hoa binh". Tuy<br />
nhien, chinh s\i thoai hoa, bien chat ciia doi ngii lai la tien de,<br />
mam mong ciia sii bien chat che do chinh tri, va no thuoc ve<br />
pham trii "tvi dien bien". Thanh thii, "tii dien bien" luon chiia<br />
diing noi ham rong hdn, va khi diidc day len den miic phd bien<br />
thi chic chin se triic tiep dkn thing den lam bien chat che do<br />
chinh tri. Nhin tong the thi c6 the thay am miiu, thu doan cua<br />
cac the \\ic thu dich hong chuyen hod che do ta bang "dien bien<br />
hod binh" la het silc nguy hiem, trong do nguy hiem nhd't Id<br />
khai thdc nhQng mam mong vd khd ndng "tit dien bien" de<br />
chuyen hoa ta ca ve chinh tri, kinh te, van hoa, xa hoi, dao diic,<br />
loi song...<br />
"Tu" diin bien" ve chinh tri la qua trinh ma che do chinh tri<br />
tu "doi mau" do Dang hi suy yeu iii tinh trang suy thoai ve<br />
chinh tri, t\i tUdng, dao diic, loi song, te tham nhiing va tieu<br />
cue..., dac biet la to chiic bi tii phan hoa. Dang mat vai tro lanh<br />
dao chinh quyen nha nxidc, dan den quan chung mat long tin,<br />
nga theo "phe doi lap" v6i chieu bai "xa hoi dan chii", da nguyen<br />
chinh tri, da dang doi lap; chu nghia xa hoi se bien dang,<br />
chuyen hoa thanh chu nghia ixi ban. Ke ca trong trifdng hdp<br />
Dang va Nha nxidc ta kien dinh chii nghia xa hoi, nhiing mot bo<br />
phan can bo, dang vien bat man, thi cac the \xlc thu dich se hau<br />
thuin, giup dd de ho tranh thu quan chung, hinh thanh "phe<br />
254<br />
<br />
doi lap", tao dvfng "ngon cd" thong qua dau tranh nghi trifdng,<br />
gay siic ep tifng hxidc buoc ta nhudng bo, va cuoi cung d^n den<br />
mat che do. Cac hinh thilc chuyen hoa nay la trxic tiep, nhifng<br />
kho xay ra neu doi ngii can bo chii tri ciia Dang va Nha nMdc<br />
viing manh, doan ket, luon canh giac dau tranh v6i cac thii<br />
doan chia re ciia ke thii. Dieu do cang cho thay, chohg "di§n<br />
bien hoa binh" phu thuoc rat 16n vao chong "tu dien bien".<br />
"TiC dien bien" ve kinh te\k cd sd ha tang kinh te do nhiing<br />
tri tre, yeu kem hoac sii de dai chap nhan "giiip dd" mot each v6<br />
nguyen tac ma chuyen hoa thanh kinh te thi trifdng ixi ban chii<br />
nghia, tif do che do chinh tri txi "doi mau". Su chuyen hoa nay<br />
se dien ra neu mo hinh kinh te thi trUdng dinh hudng xa hoi<br />
chii nghia cham phat huy tac dung, nen kinh te gap kho khan<br />
16n, thanh phan kinh te nha nxidc khong giu! dUdc vai tro chii<br />
dao, sU quan ly kinh te ciia Nha nif6c khong hieu qua. Cac the<br />
lUc thu dich se thiic day kinh te thi triidng txi do phat trien theo<br />
hxidng txi ban chii nghia, den mot giai doan nao do, khi sd hxiu<br />
txi nhan txi ban chii nghia giii vai tro chi pho'i cd sd ha tang kinh<br />
te, ve thiic chat da chuyen hoa thanh kinh te txi ban chii nghia,<br />
thi kien triic thiidng tang xa hoi chii nghia chi con ton tai tren<br />
danh nghia va thuc siJ da "doi mau". Tinh chat "txi diSn bien"<br />
noi ro d cho ta mac nhiing sai lam, thieu sot trong quan ly kinh<br />
te - xa hoi, hoac kinh te c6 tang trifdng nhiing le thuoc vao kinh<br />
te txi ban; cong bang xa hoi bi cha dap, phan ciic xa hoi gay gat,<br />
quan chiing nhan dan bat man, chong do'i. Qua trinh "tii dien<br />
bien" nay cang nguy hiem trong dieu kien cac the liic thu dich<br />
CO tiem liic kinh te manh hdn ta nhieu lin.<br />
"Tit diin bien" ve xd hoi la qua trinh ma nhiing tac dong ciia<br />
mat trai kinh te thi trifdng lam cho sxi phan hoa giau ngheo gia<br />
tang, giiia cac giai cap va tang 16p xa hoi, nhat la nhan dan lao<br />
dong noi chung, thieu sii gin bo mat thiet ve phiidng dien y<br />
255<br />
<br />
thiic va to chiic cong dong. Dieu do se lam nay sinh nhfing mau<br />
thu&n xa hoi mdi rat phiic tap, neu Dang va Nha niidc cham c6<br />
nhiJng giai phap thiet thiic, dong bo thi rat c6 the lam chuyen<br />
hoa nhiing mau thuin xa hoi thanh mau thuan chinh tri, xay<br />
ra nhiing bien dong bat on ve chinh tri ngay trong cac quan he<br />
xa hoi. Cac cuoc khieu kien dong ngiidi di giai quyet nhiJng<br />
chinh sach xa hoi ddn thuan la binh thiidng, song khi bi ke thu<br />
Idi dung rat c6 the se chuyen hoa thanh cac cuoc bao loan chinh<br />
tri khi cac the \\ic thu dich Idi dung lam bung no "diem nong"<br />
gay bien dong, pha vd nen tang chinh tri ciia che do ta.<br />
"Ti/ diSn bien" ve van hod - gido due - ddo tao the hien d sii<br />
du nhap quan diem, t\i tUdng, van hoa, loi song, gia tri phifdng<br />
Tay. Mot mat, cac the lUc thvi dich thong qua cac chiidng trinh<br />
diia can bo ta ra nu6c ngoai hoc tap, nghien ciiu bang nhieu<br />
nguon yon khac nhau, nhat la nguon tai trd nxidc ngoai, hong<br />
tao ra mot "the he can bo than phifdng Tay", sau nay nim dan<br />
cac ciidng vi trong yeu trong nen kinh te - xa hoi va tham chi<br />
trong he thong chinh tri. Mat khac, thong qua viec hdp tac dao<br />
tao tai Viet Nam, chiing ra siic truyen ba cac quan diem xa la<br />
hong gat ho he ti/ tiidng cdch mang trong lap triidng cua giai<br />
cap cong nhan ta. Ve linh wxLc van hoa ciing vay, siJ de cao qua<br />
dang chuan mvic gia tri i\i san, ha thap gia tri cua chii nghia<br />
xa hoi, do loi hoan toan cho che do chinh tri ve nhiing tieu ciic<br />
trong ddi song van hoa - xa hoi, hien tUdng xuyen tac lich sii,<br />
boi nho lanh tu, gieo rac sU hoai nghi, hoang mang trong nhan<br />
dan, tham chi Idi dung cac phiJdng tien truyen thong de truyen<br />
ba da nguyen chinh tri, da dang doi lap... ciing chinh la "tii<br />
diln bien".<br />
De day manh siJ nghiep dau tranh phong, chong "dien bien<br />
hoa binh", ro rang triidc het can c6 "cd the xa hoi lanh manh",<br />
trong do dac biet quan trong la xay diJng he thong chinh tri<br />
25fi<br />
<br />
thUdng xuyen viJng manh ve moi mat, trudc het la viing manh<br />
ve chinh tri, tU tUcing va to chiic. Trudc het, can tap trung xay<br />
ditng cac ca sd chinh tri uitng manh de du siic phong, chong<br />
"dien bien hoa binh" ciia dich, nhat la chong lai nguy cd "til dien<br />
bien". Thii hai, can c6 cac giai phap hieu qua de tang cUdng<br />
cong tac giao due cho nhan dan, trong do giao due chinh tri<br />
chiem vi tri cvfc ky quan trong. De chong lai thii doan tuyen<br />
truyen kich dong "dien bien hoa binh" ciia dich, diit khoat phai<br />
CO nhiing bien phap manh trong quan ly va phat huy hieu qua<br />
he thong truyen thong. Thvt ba, can phat huy tinh chu dong,<br />
sang tao cua ban than cac tang 16p nhan dan trong phong,<br />
chong "tu dien bien". De thiic hien phong, chong "dien bien hoa<br />
binh" ciing nhu phong, chong "tvT dien bien", can thay rang<br />
phiidng cham quan trong nhat la phong hdn chong, giai quyet<br />
cac bilc xuc, tieu cvTc xa hoi tii noi bo, khong de d&n den "diem<br />
nong" Ian rong trong xa hoi ma ke thu c6 the Idi dung gay tinh<br />
hinh phifc tap. Cac to chile xa hoi can gop phan tich ciic kip thdi<br />
phat hien va dap tkt nhiing luan dieu chien tranh tam ly, tuyen<br />
truyen xuyen tac cua dich. Dac biet, to chiic dang can n^m chae<br />
tinh hinh ddi song, tam tii, nguyen vong va kien nghi cua nhan<br />
dan, phat hien nhiing thieu sot trong thiic hien dUdng loi, chinh<br />
sach cua Dang va Nha nu6c de giai quyet kip thdi.<br />
<br />
257<br />
<br />
Bao cao c h i n h t r i cua Ban Chap h a n h T r u n g Udng Dang khoa X<br />
t a i D a i hoi dai bieu toan quoc Ian thiif X I cua Dang da n h a n m a n h :<br />
trong noi bo, "nhi3ng bieu hien xa r d i muc t i e u cua chu nghia xa<br />
hoi, "ttt dien bien", "txi chuyen hoa" c6 dien bien phiic t a p " ' .<br />
N h i i vay, ci n\i6c t a hien nay, " t u dien bien", " t u chuyen hoa"<br />
<br />
"TU* D I E N B I E N " , " T U " C H U Y E N H O A " Bl/OiC D A U N H A N D I E N<br />
VA GIAI PHAP PHONG, CHONG<br />
Thieu W6ng, P G S . T S . N G U Y E N V I N H T H A N G *<br />
<br />
v6i cac<br />
<br />
mijfc<br />
<br />
do khac n h a u t r o n g noi bo, trifdc het l a t r o n g moi can<br />
<br />
bo, dang vien la mot t h i i c te dang ton t a i , mot nguy c d c6 t h a t<br />
dang h i e n hiSu t r o n g ddi song. V a n de dat r a la p h a i nghien c i i u<br />
n h a n dang ve t i n h chat, noi dung, miic do, p h a m v i bieu hien,<br />
nguyen n h a n ciia " t U dien bien", " t i i chuyen hoa" va dieu quan<br />
t r o n g , cap bach hdn la p h a i t i m r a diidc n h i i n g giai phap phong,<br />
chong " t u dien bien", " t i i chuyen hoa" t r o n g can bo, dang vien.<br />
<br />
1. V a n de " t i i dien b i e n " xet tuf goc do la stf suy g i a m , suy<br />
t h o a i ve m a t c h i n h t r i , t\i t i i d n g , dao diic, l o i song d^n den " t i t<br />
chuyen hoa" t r o n g to chiic, con ngiidi, trxidc het la t r o n g to chvtc<br />
dang, to chiic bo may n h a nxidc, t r o n g doi n g u can bo, dang v i e n ,<br />
n h a t la can bo chu chot cua D a n g va N h a nii6c da tijfng d i l n r a<br />
ci L i e n X6 va cac nii6c xa hoi chu n g h i a D o n g A u . Cuoi cung,<br />
cung v6i "dien b i e n hoa b i n h " va cac n g u y e n n h a n khac da l a m<br />
cho che do xa hoi chu n g h i a ci L i e n X6 va cac nif6c xa h o i chu<br />
n g h i a b Dong A u sup do k h o n g p h a i bang chien t r a n h v u t r a n g ,<br />
m a bang p h i v u t r a n g , bang "dien bien hoa b i n h " de t h i i c day<br />
qua t r i n h " t i i dien bien", " t i i chuyen hoa" tvf ben t r o n g .<br />
N h a n thiifc ro t i n h chat nguy hiem ciia chien IxiOc "dien bien<br />
hoa b i n h " , cua " t i i d i l n bien", " t i i chuyen hoa" do tac dong cua<br />
"dien bien hoa b i n h " doi v6i sii t o n vong cua Dang, cua che do xa<br />
hoi chu nghia; y thiic ro "t\i dien bien", " t i i chuyen hoa" dang la<br />
nguy CO hien h i i u , ro rang, het sxic nguy hiem d niidc t a hien nay,<br />
<br />
" T i i dien bien", " t U chuyen hoa" t r o n g can bo, dang v i e n ci<br />
nxidc t a h i e n nay dUdc de cap ci day l a qua t r i n h "txi dien bien"<br />
theo chieu h i f 6 n g suy giam, suy t h o a i ("tU dien b i e n " c6 the dien<br />
r a theo ca chieu t i e n bo, p h a t t r i e n theo each h i e u ve "txi dien<br />
b i e n " noi chung). V a tijf "txi dien b i e n " den mot<br />
<br />
miJtc<br />
<br />
do nao do se<br />
<br />
chuyen sang "txi chuyen hoa" t r o n g can bo, dang v i e n , c6 the t\i<br />
tijfng n g i i d i den doi n g i i ; til chuyen hoa con n g i i d i , doi n g i i can<br />
bo, dang v i e n se c6 the d i n den " t i i chuyen hoa" ciia ca mot to<br />
chiic, n h a t la to chiic dang va n h a nxidc n e u c h i i n g t a k h o n g c6<br />
n h i i n g bien phap phong, chong h i i u h i e u .<br />
"Txi dien b i e n " t r o n g can bo, dang v i e n h i e n nay c6 the diidc<br />
bieu h i e n ci ca t r o n g n h a n t h i i c , n i e m t i n va h a n h dong. Do la sii<br />
suy g i a m ve txi tUdng c h i n h t r i , ngay cang xa r d i muc t i e u ciia<br />
chii n g h i a xa hoi, xa r d i l y tUdng chien dau v i doc lap dan toe va<br />
c h i i n g h i a xa hoi, xa r d i c h i i n g h i a Mac - L e n i n , t i i tiicing Ho C h i<br />
M i n h , xa r d i difdng l o i ciia D a n g . Do la sxi suy g i a m n i e m t i n<br />
<br />
1. D a n g C o n g s a n V i e t N a m : Van kien Dai hoi dai bieu toan<br />
* V i e n t r U d n g V i e n K h o a hoc X a hoi N h a n v a n quan s U , Bo Quoc phong.<br />
<br />
thiiXI,<br />
<br />
Sdd,<br />
<br />
quoc<br />
<br />
tr. 29.<br />
<br />
259<br />
<br />
vao t h a n g Idi cua chu nghIa xa h o i , vao t h a n g Idi cua cong cuoc<br />
doi in6i dat nii6c v i doc lap d a n toe va chii n g h l a xa hoi, suy<br />
g i a m n i e m t i n vao sii l a n h dao cua D a n g , vao s\i q u a n l y , dieu<br />
h a n h ciia N h a nxidc, vao p h a m chat va n a n g lUc ciia dpi n g i i can<br />
bp, dang v i e n , n h a t la can bp chu chot. Do la s\i suy g i a m ve<br />
p h a m chat dao dtfc, l o i song, ngay cang xa rPi n h i i n g p h a m<br />
chat, c h u a n m\ic ve dao dilc, l o i song xa hpi c h u nghia, t r i f d t<br />
dan sang dao dilc, l o i song txX san, quay ve v6i nhiJng t h o i hif,<br />
t a t x a u cua dao dilc, l o i song phong k i e n .<br />
" T i i dien b i e n " t r o n g can bp, dang v i e n c6 the dien r a trxXdc<br />
het t r o n g moi can bp, dang v i e n v6i cac mtfc dp va bieu h i e n cu<br />
the khac n h a u ve p h a m chat c h i n h t r i t\i t i i d n g , dao dilc, l o i<br />
song. N e u k h o n g dUdc p h a t h i e n , phong, chong k i p t h d i t h i se<br />
dan d a n Ian r p n g r a theo n h i e u chieu hxidng: t\i can bp cap t h a p<br />
den can bp cap cao, t\i can bp cap cao xuong can bp cap t h a p ; tvf<br />
mot so i t can bp, dang v i e n den so dong can bp, dang v i e n ; iii ca<br />
n h a n m o i can bp, dang v i e n den to chiic ma ca n h a n can bp,<br />
dang v i e n do cong tac, s i n h hoat.<br />
" T i l dien b i e n " va " t i i chuyen hoa" la h a i k h a i n i e m c6 n p i<br />
h a m khac n h a u n h i f n g "t\i dien b i e n " va " t u chuyen hoa" l a i gan<br />
ket v 6 i n h a u t r o n g mot qua t r i n h v a n dong, bien ddi cua sii vat,<br />
h i e n t i i d n g , to chiic, con ngiidi. Qua t r i n h dien r a "tvf dien b i e n "<br />
cung la qua t r i n h dien r a " t i i chuyen hoa" nhUng dang d t r o n g<br />
nhiSng gi6i h a n n h a t d i n h . N h i i n g den mot luc nao do t h i iii " t i i<br />
dien b i e n " se d&n t 6 i " t i i chuyen hoa" toan bp; luc do sii vat,<br />
h i e n tifdng, to chiic, con ngifdi se t h a y doi hoan toan ve ban<br />
chat. "Tvf chuyen hoa" hit<br />
<br />
dau hkng " t i l dien b i e n " va " t i l dien<br />
<br />
b i e n " se d i tcii " t i l chuyen hoa" t r o n g n h i l n g dieu k i e n n h a t d i n h .<br />
N h u vay, t r o n g n h a n thUc ciing n h i l t r o n g hoat dong t h i l c t i e n<br />
p h a i q u a n t a m den ca v a n de phong,* chong ca " t u dien b i e n " va<br />
" t u chuyen hoa". T u y n h i e n , xet d k h i a canh sil t h a y doi ve chat<br />
9Rn<br />
<br />
t h i h a i qua t r i n h "tii dien bien" va " t u chuyen hoa" win c6 t i n h<br />
dpc lap tUdng doi ciia no. Theo do, k h i de r a g i a i phap phong,<br />
chong CO the va can p h a i de r a ca giai phap phong, chong doi v6i<br />
ca v a n de "tii dien bien" va " t u chuyen hoa" noi c h u n g va de r a<br />
g i a i phap phong, chong " t i l dien bien" r i e n g , g i a i phap phong,<br />
chong " t i i chuyen hoa" r i e n g .<br />
" T u di§n bien", ' t i i chuyen hoa" dien r a tif ben t r o n g sii vat,<br />
h i e n tUdng, to chile, con ngUdi, cu the h d n la no dien r a t r o n g<br />
moi can bp, dang v i e n . Theo do, dieu q u a n t r p n g t r o n g viec xac<br />
d i n h , t i m k i e m n g u y e n n h a n ciia qua t r i n h " t U dien bien", " t i i<br />
chuyen hoa" la p h a i d i t i m n g u y e n n h a n t i i c h i n h t r o n g sU vat,<br />
h i e n tifdng, to chile, con ngifdi can bp, dang v i e n . T u y n h i e n ,<br />
k h o n g the k h o n g t i n h den n h i l n g nguyen n h a n ben ngoai se<br />
cung v6i cac n g u y e n n h a n ben t r o n g de tao nen hdp lilc t h i i c day<br />
qua t r i n h " t i l di§n bien", " t i l chuyen hoa".<br />
2. Ve n g u y e n n h a n cua qua t r i n h " t i l dien bien", " t i l chuyen<br />
hoa" t r o n g can bp, dang v i e n h i e n nay c6 the ke den cac nguyen<br />
nhan nhil:<br />
Qua t r i n h xay dilng chii nghia xa hpi t r o n g n h i l n g thap ky<br />
qua d cac nildc xa hpi chii nghia Dong A u , L i e n X6 ciing n h i l d<br />
nil6c ta, n h a t la trong thdi k y qua dp len chii nghia xa hpi, thilc<br />
hien cd che t h i trifdng, m ^ ciia, hpi nhap, giao Ixiu quoc te, cung v6i<br />
n h i i n g t h a n h t i i u la n h i i n g h a n che, yeu kem, bat cap. Thilc t i e n<br />
cho thay, trong qua t r i n h xay dilng chii nghia xa hpi, chiing ta da<br />
dat dildc n h i l n g t h a n h t i l u to Idn, gop phan quan t r p n g vao thang<br />
Idi ciia phong trao each mang the gi6i, khSng d i n h t i n h vfu viet ciia<br />
chii nghia xa hpi. T u y nhien, vkn con n h i l n g yeu kem, k h u y e t t a t<br />
ca ve phifdng dien diidng loi, chinh sach va to chile thilc hien; ca<br />
ve to chile, hoat dong ciia bp may Dang, N h a nxidc va cac to chile<br />
c h i n h t r i - xa hpi; ca con ngufdi hoat dong t r o n g cac to chile bp may<br />
ciia Dang, N h a nii6e va cac to chile chinh t r i - xa hpi.<br />
261<br />
<br />
Thêm vào BST
Báo xấu
Download
Vui lòng tải xuống để xem tài liệu đầy đủ
