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Chapter 10 - Planning and Cabling Networks CCNA Exploration 4.0
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Identify the basic network media required to make a LAN connection. Identify the types of connections for intermediate and end device connections in a LAN. – Identify the pin out configurations for straight-through and crossover cables. Identify the different cabling types, standards and ports used for WAN connections. Define the role of device management connections when using Cisco equipment. Design an addressing scheme for an inter-network and assign ranges for hosts, network devices and the router interface. ...
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Nội dung Text: Chapter 10 - Planning and Cabling Networks CCNA Exploration 4.0
- Chapter 10 - Planning
and Cabling Networks
CCNA Exploration 4.0
Học viện mạng Bách khoa - Website:
www.bkacad.com
- Overview
• Identify the basic network media required to make a LAN
connection.
• Identify the types of connections for intermediate and end device
connections in a LAN.
– Identify the pin out configurations for straight-through and
crossover cables.
- Identify the different cabling types, standards and ports used
for WAN connections.
- Define the role of device management connections when
using Cisco equipment.
• Design an addressing scheme for an inter-network and assign
ranges for hosts, network devices and the router interface.
• Compare and contrast the importance of network designs
H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
- LANs – Making the Physical
Connections
H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
- Basic Network Media Required to Make a LAN Connection
• Select the appropriate hardware, including the cabling,
to install several computers together in a LAN
H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
- Basic Network Media Required to Make a LAN Connection
Router:
• interconnect two LAN
• interconnect a LAN
and a WAN
Hubs: for small LAN
Switches: for LAN
H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
- Basic Network Media Required to Make a LAN Connection
• Number of factors that need to be considered
H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
- Basic Network Media Required to Make a LAN Connection
Cost
• The cost of a switch is determined by: capacity (port available and
switching speed), features, network management capabilities, security
technologies, and optional advanced switching technologies.
• "cost per port" calculation, cable length.
• The invest in redundancy. The effect if there are problems with a single
central switch.
H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
- Basic Network Media Required to Make a LAN Connection
Speed and Types of Ports/Interfaces
• The speed : 10/100/1000 Mbps. Can increased speeds without replacing
the devices.
• The number and type of ports:
– Just enough ports for today's needs?
– A mixture of UTP speeds?
– Both UTP and fiber ports?
• The number of UTP ports and fiber ports will be needed. The number of
1 Gbps ports and 10/100 Mbps ports.
H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
- Basic Network Media Required to Make a LAN Connection
Factors to Consider in Choosing a Router
• Similar to the switch, cost and interface types and speeds must be
considered as well. Additional factors:
– Expandability
– Media
– Operating System Features
Expandability
• Fixed configurations
• Modular devices
• Most modular devices come with a basic number of fixed ports as well
as expansion slots.
• Select the appropriate modules and interfaces for the specific media.
H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
- Basic Network Media Required to Make a LAN Connection
Operating System Features
• features and services such as:
– Security
– Quality of Service (QoS)
– Voice over IP (VoIP)
– Routing multiple Layer 3
protocols
– Special services such as NAT
and DHCP
• The budget is an important
consideration. The media used to
connect to the router should be
supported without needing to
purchase additional modules.
H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
- Device interconnections
H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
- Types of Connections in a LAN
Four physical areas to
consider:
• Work area
• Telecommunications
room, also known as the
distribution facility
• Backbone cabling, also
known as vertical cabling
• Distribution cabling, also
known as horizontal
cabling
H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
- Types of Connections in a LAN
• Total Cable Length
– Attenuation phenomenon.
– For UTP: spans four areas, maximum distance is 100
meters per channel. Up to 5 meters of patch cable for
interconnecting patch panels as well as cable from the
cable termination point on the wall to the telephone or
computer.
• Work Areas
– EIA/TIA standard: From end devices to the wall jacks
have a maximum length of 10 meters.
– Straight-through cable and crossover cable is typically
used.
H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
- Types of Connections in a LAN
Telecommunications Room
• Is where connections to intermediary devices take place. Contains the
intermediary devices - hubs, switches, routers, and data service units
(DSUs) - that tie the network together. These devices provide the
transitions between the backbone cabling and the horizontal cabling.
• Patch cords connects between the patch panels and the intermediary
devices. Patch cables also interconnect these intermediary devices.
• Also contains the servers used by the network.
Horizontal Cabling
• To connect the telecommunication rooms with the work areas, 90
meters max.
Backbone Cabling, or vertical cabling
• To connect the telecommunication rooms to the equipment rooms,
where the servers are often located. Also interconnects multiple
telecommunications rooms. Sometimes routed outside the building to
the WAN connection or ISP.
• Are used for aggregated traffic. Backbones typically require high
bandwidth media such as fiber-optic cabling.
H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
- Types of Connections in a LAN
Types of Media: factors to consider
• Cable length
• Cost
• Bandwidth
• Ease of installation
• Susceptible to EMI/RFI
H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
- Types of Connections in a LAN
H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
- Example: User location
H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
- Types of Connections in a LAN
Cable Length
• The total length: from the end devices to the intermediary device
(includes from devices to wall plug, from wall plug to cross-connecting
point, or patch panel, and from patch panel to the switch).
• The longer the media, the more attenuation will affect the signal.
Cost
• Vary from media type to media type, and the staff might not realize the
impact on the budget.
Bandwidth
• Carefully consider the bandwidth requirements depends on devices
(server or single user).
• Currently, the technology used in fiber-optic media offers the greatest
bandwidth available among the choices for LAN media. Wireless is
also supporting huge increases in bandwidth, but it has limitations in
distance and power consumption.
H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
- Types of Connections in a LAN
Ease of Installation
• Varies according to cable types and building architecture.
• UTP cable: lightweight, flexible, small diameter, which allows it to fit
into small spaces. The connectors, RJ-45 plugs: easy to install.
• Fiber-optic cables: contain a thin glass fiber. Crimps or sharp bends
can break the fiber. Connectors (ST, SC, MT-RJ): difficult to install and
require special equipment.
• Wireless networks: easier to install than UTP or fiber cable. Be effected
by radio frequency devices and building construction.
Electromagnetic Interference/Radio Frequency Interference
• Must be considered when choosing a media type.
• Interference can be produced by electrical machines, lighting, and
other communications devices, including computers and radio
equipment.
• Wireless is the medium most susceptible to RFI. Before using wireless
technology, potential sources of interference must be identified and, if
possible, minimized.
H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
- Types of Connections in a LAN
H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com
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