CHƯƠNG 20 - PRESENTING RESULTS: Written and Oral Reports

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Short report – For well-defined, limited-scope problems with straight-forward methodology – Usually 5 or fewer pages – Formats • Findings summary (graphical or tabular) attached to letter of transmittal • Business letter • Internal memorandum

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Nội dung Text: CHƯƠNG 20 - PRESENTING RESULTS: Written and Oral Reports

Chapter Twenty PRESENTING RESULTS: Written and Oral Reports 20-1
Written Research Report • Short report – For well-defined, limited-scope problems with straight-forward methodology – Usually 5 or fewer pages – Formats • Findings summary (graphical or tabular) attached to letter of transmittal • Business letter • Internal memorandum 20-2
Written Research Report • Short Report (Memorandum) – Reason for writing – Answer direct inquiry with specific answer and supporting detail – Expository style with brevity and directness – Attach detailed materials as appendices when needed 20-3
Written Research Report • Long report – Technical report – Management report 20-4
Long Report Components • Prefatory Items • Methodology – Letter of transmittal – Sampling design – Title page – Research design – Authorization letter – Data collection – Executive summary – Data analysis – Table of contents – Limitations • Introduction • Conclusions – Problem statement – Summary conclusions – Research – Recommendations objectives • Appendices – Background 20-5 • Bibliography
Written Report Considerations • Order of report – Sentence outline – Topic outline Comprehensibility – Readability indices – Pace – Tone 20-6
Presentation of Statistics • Text paragraph format • Semi-tabular format • Tabular format • Graphical format 20-7
Graphical Formats • Line graphs • Area charts • Pie charts • Bar charts • Pictographs/Geo-Graphics • 3-D graphics 20-8
Oral Presentations • Preparation • Content – Length – Opening – Content – Findings and – Style conclusions • Scripted – Recommendations • Extemporaneous • Delivery – Audiovisuals – Vocal characteristics • Type – Physical • Role characteristics 20-9
Audiovisual Aids • Chalkboards • Whiteboards • Handout materials • Flip charts • Slides • Overhead transparencies • Computer-drawn visuals • Computer animation 20-10