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Figure Drawing - Lion
Chia sẻ: Nguyenhoang Phuonguyen
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Lion (feline) characteristics: Elongated skull. Proportion of skull varies—large in lion, jaguar, and tiger, small in cheetah and mountain lion. Large canines, small incisors. Cheek teeth with sharp edges for shearing. Large temporalis and masseter muscles of skull to powerfully close jaw. Eyes shifted slightly forward for binocular vision. Constricted pupil is round in large cats, vertical in domestic cats (pupil is horizontal in sheep and goats). Top edge of scapula usually higher than tips of thoracic vertebrae. Five digits on front limb (thumb reduced); four digits on hind limb (small vestigial big toe). Walks on toes. Sharp, curved,...
AMBIENT/
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Nội dung Text: Figure Drawing - Lion
- 142 LION > ANATOMY
anatomical drawing aftercrouch seull from specimen
Lion (feline) characteristics: Elongated skull. Proportion of skull External abdominal oblique; FCR Flexor carpi radialis; FCU Flexor carpi ulnaris;
varies—large in lion, jaguar, and tiger, small in cheetah and mountain FDBr Flexor digitorum brevis; FDP Flexor digitorum profundus; FDS Flexor digito-
rum superficial; FDS-UH Flexor digitorum superficialis, ulnarhead; GasLa
lion. Large canines, small incisors. Cheek teeth with sharp edges for
Gastrocnemius, lateral head; GasMe Gastrocnemius, medial head; GluMe Gluteus
shearing. Large temporalis and masseter muscles of skull to powerfully medius; GluSu Gluteus superficialis; Grac Gracilis; Ilioc Iliocostalis; InAbO
close jaw. Eyes shifted slightly forward for binocular vision. Constricted Internal abdominal oblique; Infra Infraspinatus; IntCa Intertransversarii caudae;
Inter Interossei; LAOM Levator anguli oculi medialis; LatDo Latissimus dorsi;
pupil is round in large cats, vertical in domestic cats (pupil is horizontal
LeNas Levator nasolabialis; LonCa Longissimus capitis; Longi Longissimus; Malar
in sheep and goats). Top edge of scapula usually higher than tips of tho- Malaris; Mass Masseter; Myloh Mylohyoid; Omotr Omotransversarius; OrLig
racic vertebrae. Five digits on front limb (thumb reduced); four digits on Orbital ligament; OrOc Orbicularis oculi; OrOr Orbicularis oris; PalLo Palmaris
hind limb (small vestigial big toe). Walks on toes. Sharp, curved, retrac- longus; PecPr Pectoralis profundus; PecTr Pectoralis transversus; PerBr Peroneus
brevis; PerLo Peroneus longus; Pop Popliteus; PrTer Pronator teres; RAOL
tile claws (which keeps them sharp—they don't walk on them). Forearm
Retractor anguli oculi lateralis; RecAb Rectus abdominis; RecFe Rectus femoris;
rotates (pronates/supinates). Hairy tail has bushy tip only in lion. Very Rhom Rhomboid; SacDL Sacrocaudalis dorsalis lateralis; SacDM Sacrocaudalis
flexible body. Can walk in crouched position, as when stalking prey. dorsalis medialis; SacVL Sacrocaudalis ventralis lateralis; Sart Sartorius; SeDCr
Serratus dorsalis craniatis; SerVC Serratus ventralis cervicis; SerVT Serratus ven-
tralis thoracis; Smemb Semimembranosus; Sol Soleus; Splen Splenius; Stcph
AbDIL Abductor digit! I longus; AbDiS Abductor digiti V; Adduc Adductor; Anc
Sternocephalicus; Stend Semitendinosus; Sthy Sternohyoid; Stmas
Anconeus; Bleep Biceps brachii; BiFem Biceps femoris; Brach Brachialis; Brcph
Sternomastoid; StOcc Sterno-occipitalis; Stthy Sternothyroid; Supra
Brachiocephalicus; Brrad Brachioradialis; Bucc Buccinator; Canin Caninus; Caudf
Supraspinatus; TeMaj feres major; TeMin feres minor; Temp Temporalis; TenFL
Caudofemoralis; Clmas Cleidomastoid; DelAc Deltoid, acromial portion; DelSp
Tensor fasciae latae; TlbCa Tibialis caudalis; TibCr Tibialis cranialis; Trach
Deltoid, spinal portion; Digas Digastric; DLaMn Depressor labii mandibularis;
Trachea; Trap Trapezius; TrILa Triceps brachii, lateral head; TriLo Triceps brachii,
ECR Extensor carpi radialis; ECRL Extensor carpi radialis longus; ED1&2 Extensor
long head; VasLa Vasfr/s lateralis; Zyg Zygomaticus.
digiti I & //; EDBr Extensor digitorum brevis; EDC Extensor digitorum communis;
EDLat Extensor digitorum lateralis; EDLon Extensor digitorum longus; ExAbO
- LION » ANATOMY 143
DEEP MUSCLES
SUPERFICIAL MUSCLES
- 144 LION > ANATOMY
AbDIL Abductor digiti I long us; Bicep Biceps brachii; BiFem Biceps femoris; Omotransversarius; OrOc Orbicularis oculi; OrOr Orbicularis oris; PalLo Palmaris
Brcph Brachiocephalicus; Brrad Brachiomdialis; Bucc Buccinator; Canin Caninus; longus; PecDe Pectoralis descendens; PecPr Pectoralis profundus; PecTr
DelAc Deltoid, acromial portion; DelSp Deltoid, spinal portion; Digas Digastric; Pectoralis transversus; PerLo Peroneus longus; PLig Patellar ligament; PrTer
DLaMn Depressor labii mandibularis; ECRB Extensor carpi radialis brevis; ECRL Pronator teres; RAOL Retractor anguli oculi lateralis; RecFe Rectus femoris; Sart
Extensor carpi radialis longus; ED1&2 Extensor digiti I & II; EDBr Extensor digito- So/tor/us; Stcph Sternocephalicus; Sthy Sternohyoid; StOcc Stemo-occipitalis;
rum brevis; EDC Extensor digitorum communis; EDLat Extensor digitorum later- Stthy Sternothyroid; Supra Supraspinatus; Temp Temporalis; TibCr Tibialis cra-
alis; EDLon Extensor digitorum longus; FCR Flexor carpi radialis; FDP Flexor digi- nialis; Trap Trapezius; TriLa Triceps brachii, lateral head; VasLa Mjsfr/s lateralis;
torum profundus; Grac Gracilis; Infra Infraspinatus; LAOM Levator anguli oculi Zyg Zygomaticus.
medialis; LeNas Levator nasolabiatis; Malar Malaris; Mass Masseter; Omotr
- LION > ANATOMY 145
AbDiS Abductor digit! V; BIFem Biceps femoris; Caudf Caudofemoralis; ECU dae; Inter Interossei; IntVC Intertransversarii ventratis caudae; PalLo Palmaris
Extensor carpi ulnaris; EDC Extensor digitorum communis; EDLat Extensor digito- longus; PerBr Peroneus brevis; PerLo Peroneus longus; SacDL Sacrocaudalis dor-
rum lateralis; FCR Flexor carpi radialis; FCU-HH Flexor carpi ulnaris, humeral salis lateralis; SacDM Sacrocaudalis dorsalis medialis; SacVL Sacrocaudalis ven-
head; FCU-UH Flexor carpi ulnaris, ulnarhead; FDBr Flexor digitorum brevis; FDP tralis lateralis; Smemb Semimembranosus; Sol Soleus; Stend Semitendinosus;
Flexor digitorum profund us; FDS Flexor digitorum superflcialis; FDS-UH Flexor Ten FA Tensor fasciae antibrachii; TriLa Triceps brachii, lateral head; TriLo Triceps
digitorum superficial, ulnar head; Gastr Gastrocnemius; GluMe Gluteus medius; brachii, long head; TriMe Triceps brachii, medial head.
GluSu Gluteus superficialis; Grac Gracilis; IntDC Intertransversarii dorsales cau-
- 146 LION > ANATOMY
BiFem Biceps femoris; Brcph Brachiocephalicus; Caudf Caudofemoralis; DelSp lateral's; SacDL Sacrocaudalis dorsalis lateralis; SacDM Sacrocaudalis dorsalis
Deltoid, spinal portion; ExAbO External abdominal oblique; GluMe Gluteus medialis; Sart Sartorius; Smemb Semimembranosus; Stcph Sternocephalicus;
medius; GluSu Gluteus superficialis; Ilioc Iliocostalis; Infra Infraspinatus; IntDC Stend Semitendinosus; StOcc Stemo-occipitalis; Temp Temporalis; TenFA Tensor
Intertransversarii dorsales caudae; LAOM Levator anguli oculi medialis; LatDo fasciae antibrachii; Trap Trapezius; TriLa Triceps brachii, lateral head; TriLo
Latissimus dorsi; LeNas Levator nasolabialis; Longl Longissimus; Mass Masseter; Triceps brachii, long head; Zyg Zygomaticus.
Omotr Omotransversarius; OrOc Orbicularis oculi; RAOL Retractor anguli oculi
- LION > PHOTOGRAPHS 147
LIONESS
LION
Panthera leo
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