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Lecture TCP-IP protocol suite - Chapter 4: IP addresses: Classful addressing

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In this chapter, you will learn: Understand IPv4 addresses and classes, identify the class of an IP address, find the network address given an IP address, understand masks and how to use them, understand subnets and supernets.

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Nội dung Text: Lecture TCP-IP protocol suite - Chapter 4: IP addresses: Classful addressing

  1. Chapter 4 IP Addresses: Classful Addressing McGraw­Hill ©The McGraw­Hill Companies, Inc., 2000
  2. CONTENTS • INTRODUCTION • CLASSFUL ADDRESSING • OTHER ISSUES • A SAMPLE INTERNET McGraw­Hill ©The McGraw­Hill Companies, Inc., 2000
  3. 4.1 INTRODUCTION McGraw­Hill ©The McGraw­Hill Companies, Inc., 2000
  4. An IP address is a 32-bit address. McGraw­Hill ©The McGraw­Hill Companies, Inc., 2000
  5. The IP addresses are unique. McGraw­Hill ©The McGraw­Hill Companies, Inc., 2000
  6. Address Space ………….. addr1 ………….. addr15 addr2 ………….. ………….. ………….. addr41 addr226 addr31 ………….. ………….. McGraw­Hill ©The McGraw­Hill Companies, Inc., 2000
  7. RULE: ………….. addr1 ………….. If a protocol uses N bits to addr15 addr2an………….. define address, ………….. ………….. the address space is 2N because each bitaddr41 can haveaddr226 two addr31 ………….. ………….. different values (0 and 1) and N bits can have 2N values. McGraw­Hill ©The McGraw­Hill Companies, Inc., 2000
  8. The address space of IPv4 is 232 or 4,294,967,296. McGraw­Hill ©The McGraw­Hill Companies, Inc., 2000
  9. Binary Notation 01110101 10010101 00011101 11101010 McGraw­Hill ©The McGraw­Hill Companies, Inc., 2000
  10. Figure  4­1 Dotted­decimal notation McGraw­Hill ©The McGraw­Hill Companies, Inc., 2000
  11. Hexadecimal Notation 0111 0101 1001 0101 0001 1101 1110 1010 75 95 1D EA 0x75951DEA McGraw­Hill ©The McGraw­Hill Companies, Inc., 2000
  12. The binary, decimal, and hexadecimal number systems are reviewed in Appendix B. McGraw­Hill ©The McGraw­Hill Companies, Inc., 2000
  13. Example 1 Change the following IP address from binary notation to dotted-decimal notation. 10000001 00001011 00001011 11101111 Solution 129.11.11.239 McGraw­Hill ©The McGraw­Hill Companies, Inc., 2000
  14. Example 2 Change the following IP address from dotted-decimal notation to binary notation. 111.56.45.78 Solution 01101111 00111000 00101101 01001110 McGraw­Hill ©The McGraw­Hill Companies, Inc., 2000
  15. Example 3 Find the error, if any, in the following IP address: 111.56.045.78 Solution There are no leading zeroes in dotted-decimal notation (045). McGraw­Hill ©The McGraw­Hill Companies, Inc., 2000
  16. Example 3 (continued) Find the error, if any, in the following IP address: 75.45.301.14 Solution In dotted-decimal notation, each number is less than or equal to 255; 301 is outside this range. McGraw­Hill ©The McGraw­Hill Companies, Inc., 2000
  17. Example 4 Change the following IP addresses from binary notation to hexadecimal notation. 10000001 00001011 00001011 11101111 Solution 0X810B0BEF or 810B0BEF16 McGraw­Hill ©The McGraw­Hill Companies, Inc., 2000
  18. 4.2 CLASSFUL ADDRESSING McGraw­Hill ©The McGraw­Hill Companies, Inc., 2000
  19. Figure  4­2 Occupation of the address space McGraw­Hill ©The McGraw­Hill Companies, Inc., 2000
  20. In classful addressing, the address space is divided into five classes: A, B, C, D, and E. McGraw­Hill ©The McGraw­Hill Companies, Inc., 2000
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