Nhận diện tri thức truyền thống và vai trò của thương mại hóa công bằng tri thức truyền thống trong tiến trình hội nhập và phát triển

TẠP CHÍ PHÁT TRIỂN KH & CN, TẬP 20, SỐ Q3 - 2017<br /> <br /> 5<br /> <br /> N<br /> <br /> ò<br /> <br /> C<br /> <br /> Q<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ,<br /> Tóm tắt— i<br /> <br /> h<br /> <br /> h<br /> h<br /> <br /> hi<br /> h h<br /> <br /> g<br /> i<br /> <br /> ghi<br /> <br /> i<br /> hi<br /> <br /> h<br /> <br /> h ghi<br /> g<br /> <br /> h<br /> <br /> h<br /> h<br /> i<br /> h<br /> <br /> h<br /> <br /> h i h<br /> <br /> g<br /> <br /> i h<br /> i<br /> <br /> g<br /> <br /> h<br /> <br /> g i<br /> hi<br /> i i<br /> g<br /> g ― i h<br /> h g‖<br /> i<br /> i<br /> h<br /> g<br /> ih<br /> h g i i i<br /> g i h h i.<br /> <br /> h<br /> h<br /> i<br /> <br /> Từ khóa— i h<br /> h<br /> gi<br /> h<br /> h<br /> hi<br /> h h<br /> g<br /> tri<br /> g.<br /> <br /> 1 KHÁI NI<br /> <br /> T<br /> <br /> h<br /> <br /> g<br /> <br /> ih<br /> <br /> hi<br /> g i<br /> g<br /> g<br /> i<br /> <br /> 23<br /> <br /> ,<br /> T<br /> <br /> g<br /> <br /> K<br /> <br /> K<br /> <br /> 1<br /> <br /> h i<br /> ih<br /> g h h<br /> g<br /> g i<br /> h<br /> h<br /> i h<br /> i<br /> g<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> 978, T<br /> <br /> S<br /> <br /> Đ<br /> <br /> 982,<br /> <br /> T<br /> <br /> T<br /> <br /> WIP<br /> <br /> h<br /> g h<br /> <br /> V TRI TH C TRUY N THỐN<br /> <br /> Q<br /> <br /> HUẬT<br /> T<br /> N<br /> <br /> V<br /> <br /> K<br /> <br /> WIP<br /> <br /> UN SC ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> 0 2007 TT- KHCN<br /> <br /> 23<br /> <br /> T<br /> <br /> T<br /> <br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> <br /> 2005<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> 2009<br /> <br /> C<br /> ,<br /> <br /> 23 ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> T<br /> <br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> <br /> C<br /> <br /> , ,<br /> ,<br /> <br /> Q<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> :<br /> <br /> ,<br /> T<br /> <br /> 2<br /> <br /> .<br /> <br /> Đ<br /> <br /> 999, UN SC<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> T<br /> ,<br /> <br /> 07<br /> 5<br /> T<br /> -<br /> <br /> 0<br /> <br /> 20 6,<br /> <br /> 20 6<br /> <br /> C<br /> Q<br /> T ờ Đ<br /> , ĐHQ HCM (email: ancq@uel.edu.vn).<br /> <br /> 1<br /> <br /> K<br /> <br /> WIPO (2011),<br /> V N<br /> 2<br /> WIPO (2011),<br /> V N<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> 57<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> 57<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> C<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> C<br /> <br /> 6<br /> <br /> SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT, Vol 20, No Q3 - 2017<br /> ờ<br /> <br /> T<br /> th<br /> <br /> ,<br /> 5<br /> <br /> phân b<br /> ờ<br /> ờ<br /> <br /> 3<br /> <br /> .<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> ,<br /> ờ<br /> <br /> C<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> .<br /> <br /> 6<br /> <br /> .<br /> <br /> ,<br /> T<br /> <br /> , WIP<br /> <br /> :<br /> ,<br /> <br /> S<br /> ,T<br /> <br /> T<br /> ,<br /> <br /> ;<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> T<br /> <br /> 7<br /> <br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> N<br /> <br /> S<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> Đ<br /> <br /> S<br /> <br /> 998 - 999 , WIP<br /> <br /> 4<br /> <br /> Đ<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> :<br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> N<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> C<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> <br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ò<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> <br /> V<br /> <br /> N<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> 8<br /> <br /> .<br /> <br /> Đ<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> <br /> gian.<br /> T<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> ờ<br /> ờ<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> <br /> ,<br /> S<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> <br /> Đ<br /> <br /> V<br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> C<br /> <br /> ,<br /> N<br /> <br /> S<br /> <br /> N<br /> , T<br /> I C<br /> <br /> V<br /> <br /> ,<br /> ò<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> Đ<br /> <br /> 3<br /> 23 9 20 6 S<br /> I C,<br /> WIP<br /> T<br /> <br /> :<br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> I C<br /> <br /> 3 5 20 6 T<br /> <br /> , I C<br /> <br /> :<br /> <br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> N<br /> <br /> 3<br /> UNESCO (1999), Protection of traditional knowledge and<br /> expression of indigenous culture in Pacific Island, Final<br /> Declaration, Noumea, page 1.<br /> 4<br /> WIPO (2011), Protection of tradictional knowledge,<br /> : http://www.wipo.int/tk<br /> <br /> 5<br /> http://www.wipo.int/tk/en/tk/,<br /> 4 30<br /> 27/10/2016.<br /> 6<br /> WIPO (2013), Intellectual Property, Tradictional<br /> Knowledge And Tradtictional Culture Expressions/Folklore A Guide Contries In Transaction, version 1, page 4.<br /> 7<br /> WIPO (2013), Intellectual Property, Tradictional<br /> Knowledge And Tradtictional Culture Expressions/Folklore A Guide Contries In Transaction, Version 1, page 4.<br /> 8<br /> http://www.wipo.int/tk/en/tk/,<br /> 4 30<br /> 27/10/2016.<br /> <br /> TẠP CHÍ PHÁT TRIỂN KH & CN, TẬP 20, SỐ Q3 - 2017<br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> 7<br /> ,<br /> <br /> ;<br /> <br /> Đ<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> ờ<br /> <br /> 9<br /> <br /> .<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> tiêu<br /> <br /> nay11 N<br /> <br /> 2 TRI TH C TRUY N THỐN TR N TI N TR NH<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> <br /> H I NHẬP V PHÁT TRIỂN KINH T X H I<br /> <br /> Đ<br /> <br /> T<br /> C<br /> <br /> 20<br /> V<br /> <br /> V<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> US<br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> T<br /> <br /> H<br /> <br /> . T<br /> K ,N<br /> , P , Đ<br /> <br /> T<br /> <br /> T<br /> <br /> C<br /> <br /> II<br /> <br /> Anh, Á ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> <br /> 12<br /> <br /> H<br /> , I<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,Đ ,<br /> , H<br /> <br /> N<br /> ờ H<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> Đ<br /> ,<br /> <br /> ;<br /> 85<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> v<br /> <br /> ,<br /> 13<br /> <br /> - 90<br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> <br /> T<br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> <br /> C<br /> 2000, TNC<br /> <br /> T<br /> <br /> 40<br /> <br /> TNC<br /> 47<br /> <br /> US<br /> <br /> ,<br /> 14<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> 10<br /> <br /> ò<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> <br /> T<br /> <br /> ò<br /> T<br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> ờ<br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> <br /> 11<br /> T<br /> T<br /> Y T<br /> WH , khoảng 80% dân số<br /> hiện nay trên thế giới vẫn dựa vào thuốc có nguồn gốc tự<br /> nhiên<br /> T<br /> 978<br /> H<br /> 99 , WHO luôn khuyến nghị dùng các thuốc<br /> cổ truyền vào chăm sóc sức khỏe ban đầu,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> N<br /> <br /> .<br /> <br /> T<br /> <br /> T<br /> ,<br /> <br /> 9<br /> IGC (2016), The Protection Tradictional Knowledge:<br /> Drapt Articles, WIPO/GRTKF/IC/31/4, page 2.<br /> 10<br /> The Cruicible II Group (2000), Seeding solutions: Policy<br /> Options For Genetic Resources - People, Plants And Patents<br /> Revisited, Volume 1, Copublished by International<br /> Devolopement Research Centre, International Plant Genetic<br /> Resources Institute & Dag Hammarskjöld Foundation, Page<br /> 1.<br /> <br /> N<br /> : http://vienduoclieu.org.vn/tin-chi-tiet/-/chitiet/su-can-thiet-phat-trien-duoc-lieu-354-677.html<br /> 12<br /> Jiang F. (2008), The Problem With Patents - Tradictional<br /> Knowledge And International IP Law, Harvard International<br /> Review, ISSN 0739-1854, page 30.<br /> 13<br /> Kausik Biswas., Ishita Chattopadhyay., Ranajit K. Banerjee.,<br /> Uday Bandyopadhyay (2002), Biological Activities and<br /> Medicinal Properties of Neem, Current Science, Vol. 82, No.<br /> 11, ISSN 1336 -1345 ; Ompal Singh., Zakia Khanam., Jamal<br /> Ahmad (2011), Neem in Context of Intellectual Property<br /> Rights, Recent Research in Science and Technology, Vol. 3(6),<br /> ISSN 2076 - 5061, page 82.<br /> 14<br /> J. Michael Finger, Philip Schuler (2004), Poor People's<br /> Knowledge: Promoting Intellectual Property in Developing<br /> Countries, The World Bank., page 160.<br /> <br /> 8<br /> <br /> SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT, Vol 20, No Q3 - 2017<br /> 400<br /> ò<br /> <br /> V<br /> <br /> 16<br /> <br /> 20<br /> <br /> ,<br /> 75<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> 17<br /> <br /> tri<br /> <br /> .<br /> <br /> T<br /> ,<br /> <br /> Đ<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> <br /> SRISTI<br /> <br /> ,<br /> doa<br /> , ờ<br /> Đ<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> Cò<br /> ờ<br /> <br /> R<br /> <br /> K<br /> <br /> 74<br /> <br /> 996<br /> 50<br /> <br /> ,<br /> Z<br /> <br /> 18<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> ,<br /> <br /> 998 - 999<br /> 50<br /> <br /> S<br /> ,<br /> P<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> Đ<br /> <br /> C<br /> <br /> R<br /> Đ<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ; 00<br /> <br /> K<br /> ò<br /> <br /> Đ<br /> <br /> S<br /> <br /> T<br /> Đ<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> T<br /> ,<br /> <br /> Đ<br /> <br /> ,<br /> N<br /> <br /> T<br /> Y<br /> T<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> C<br /> <br /> C<br /> V<br /> <br /> N<br /> V<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> C<br /> K<br /> <br /> Đ ò<br /> ờ,<br /> <br /> K<br /> <br /> WIP<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> N<br /> ,I C<br /> <br /> :<br /> <br /> 9,6<br /> 3,3<br /> <br /> US<br /> <br /> 19<br /> <br /> . Song song<br /> <br /> ò<br /> ờ<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> Đ<br /> ,<br /> C<br /> <br /> ,I C<br /> <br /> :<br /> <br /> ;<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> ,<br /> <br /> ;<br /> ,<br /> <br /> P<br /> Burkina Faso (70%)15,<br /> ờ<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> <br /> Peru (50%),<br /> <br /> N<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> 20<br /> <br /> C<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> .<br /> <br /> ,<br /> K<br /> <br /> S<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> 15<br /> J. Michael Finger,Philip Schuler (2004), Poor People's<br /> Knowledge: Promoting Intellectual Property in Developing<br /> Countries, The World Bank., page 114.<br /> <br /> 16<br /> Vandana Shiva (1997), Biopiracy: The Plunder Of Nature<br /> and Knowledge, Cambridge, South End Press., page 74.<br /> 17<br /> K. McLeod (2011), Owning Culture: Authorship, Ownership<br /> and Intellectual Property Law, Peter Lang, New York, page<br /> 168.<br /> 18<br /> F. Grifo., J. Rosenthal (1997), Biodiversity and Human<br /> Health, Island Press, Washington D.C, Page 135 -136.<br /> 19<br /> IGC (2016), The Protection Tradictional Knowledge:<br /> Drapt Articles, page 2. WIPO/GRTKF/IC/31/4.<br /> 20<br /> T<br /> 9<br /> <br /> TẠP CHÍ PHÁT TRIỂN KH & CN, TẬP 20, SỐ Q3 - 2017<br /> 3 TH<br /> <br /> 9<br /> ,<br /> <br /> N<br /> ẠI H<br /> C N<br /> N TRI TH C TRUY N<br /> THỐNG - NHU C U T T Y U C<br /> TH C TI N<br /> T N V PHÁT TRIỂN<br /> NV N<br /> <br /> N<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ò<br /> N<br /> <br /> T<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> <br /> , ò<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> <br /> ò<br /> ờ<br /> <br /> T<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> 979<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> <br /> C<br /> <br /> USPT<br /> 43 82 2<br /> <br /> ò<br /> T<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> C<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> Đ<br /> <br /> ,<br /> C<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> T ờ<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> K<br /> <br /> USPT<br /> <br /> Đ<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> <br /> H<br /> <br /> T<br /> Đ<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> C<br /> ờ<br /> ,<br /> <br /> C<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> S<br /> <br /> N<br /> <br /> ờ P<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ờ P<br /> C<br /> <br /> Đ<br /> ờ<br /> T<br /> <br /> ò<br /> <br /> ,<br /> ò<br /> <br /> H<br /> ờ<br /> USPT<br /> 54047 8<br /> Đ H C<br /> Q<br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> P<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ò<br /> <br /> 994<br /> <br /> S<br /> <br /> T ờ<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> ,<br /> <br /> ò<br /> <br /> C<br /> ờ S<br /> <br /> T<br /> <br /> P<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> N<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> N<br /> ờ<br /> H<br /> <br /> 54<br /> <br /> 21<br /> <br /> Đ<br /> <br /> ,<br /> 35<br /> <br /> Đ<br /> <br /> ,N<br /> <br /> 23<br /> <br /> ,Đ<br /> ,<br /> <br /> 21<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> Đ<br /> <br /> ờ<br /> <br /> V<br /> <br /> 59<br /> 5<br /> <br /> ,<br /> <br /> 4<br /> <br /> , ,<br /> ,<br /> N<br /> ,N<br /> : http://www.neemfoundation.org/aboutneem/patent-on-neem/; M. M.S Karki (2001), Neem Based<br /> Natural Product Innovations: Analysis of Patents, Journal<br /> Intellectual Property Right, Vol 6, P 27- 37 ; Kausik Biswas.,<br /> Ishita Chattopadhyay., Ranajit K. Banerjee., Uday<br /> <br /> Bandyopadhyay (2002), Biological Activities and Medicinal<br /> Properties of Neem, Current Science, Vol. 82, No. 11, ISSN<br /> 1336 -1345 ; Ompal Singh., Zakia Khanam., Jamal Ahmad<br /> (2011), Neem in Context of Intellectual Property Rights,<br /> Recent Research in Science and Technology, Vol. 3(6), ISSN<br /> 2076 - 5061, page 82.<br /> <br />