s 6 1 0 r24ov.2ni-'i<br />
<br />
NG6N NGC & B(n S6NG<br />
<br />
so SANH D^C DIEM CUA B 6 NGU" CHI HOAN THANH<br />
KfiT T H C C ff, ^ , ^ TRONG TifiNG H A N mpi DAI<br />
COMPARING THE FEATURES OF ADVERBS INDICATING COMPLETELY<br />
FINISHING SUCH AS » , ^ , S IN MODERN CHINESE<br />
VCTHJHA<br />
(TS; Dgi hpc Ngogi ngO', 8HQG Hd Nfi)<br />
Abstract: Serving as resultative complements, "Jf", " ^ " , " ^ " have the similar meaning of<br />
"finished". They are usedfrequentlyand sometimes could be used alternatively. But they have some<br />
identical differences on semantic, syntactic, and pragmatic plane. Clarifying the differences between<br />
them would help Chinese language leamers to be better at understanding and using the three lesultative<br />
complements "Jff","%" and " ^ " .<br />
Key words: resultative complement; "ff", " ^ " , " ^ " ; comparison.<br />
1. B$t vkn ak<br />
Id chl hirdng don - hudng vl dfng td, ho^c Id chl<br />
Trong tilng Hdn hifn dgi, ba bl ngtt chl hudng kip - hudng vl dfng tir, dong thdi hudng<br />
hodn thdnh kit thdc ff, ^ , S cd khd ndng kit vl mft thyrc thl lien quan din dfng td.<br />
hpp dupc vdi rh nhilu logi dfng td vd cd tan<br />
Bo ngtt chl hodn thdnh kit thdc 0 thudng<br />
suit sd dyng rat cao. Tuy nhienti-ongqud trinh bleu thj hdnh dfng sy vifc hodn thifn, dgt dupc<br />
dgy hpc, chtog tdi phdt hifn thiy, dll vdi hpc hifu qud mong muln, khiln ngudi ta hdi Idng. VI<br />
sinh phan bift dupc ba bo ngtt ndy Id mft dy:<br />
trong nhftng dilm khd trong ngtt phdp tieng<br />
(ij g g g T S l S , fIX7tB.mm , SifeWSi!<br />
Hdn. Trong bdi vilt ndy, dya trfn Ii thuylt ba JE q gnai, y<br />
binh difn ngtt phdp, chtag tdi phdn tich so ™ " ^ * - ' ' '<br />
sdnh djc dilm ngtt nghia, ngtt phdp vd ngtt<br />
(2)fT$lft|&g7 , S d i l S i O .<br />
dyng cua if, ^ , ^ khi ldm bl ngtt chl hodn<br />
d hai vf dy trdn, chl hudng ngtt ngMa cfla<br />
tiidnh kit tilde, vdi mong muin cd till giup Jf 14 dil buimg don - hudng vl dfng td.<br />
ngudi hpc phan bift vd sd dyng dupc thuan<br />
Khi chi hudng ngft nghia cda bo ngtt chl hodn<br />
tiiyc ba bl ngtt ndy. Ngtt lifu nghidn cdu dupc thdnh kit fliic ff Id chl hudng kdp: hudng vl<br />
ting hpp td^cdc mft so tdc phim vdn hpc, bdi ^„g f/,^ (j»„g ^(^ ^^^^g vl mft tfiyc till Udn<br />
bdo, bdi viet bdng tilng Hdn tirdn cdc ti-ang quan dai hdnh dfng, nghTa cda tl hpp "dfng td +<br />
mgng Trung Quoc vd cdc tdi lifu tham khdo « „ , , i ,,, ^, , ,<br />
.„, , m., n.a L<br />
... *<br />
^ ^<br />
^<br />
Jf" cd till phdntichnhu sau; "V + ft = Pidnh<br />
hen quan.<br />
,<br />
.<br />
„ .-i<br />
^ .^. . « ^<br />
dfng/sy vifc hodnflidnhkit thdc] + [chd flil d<br />
2. So sdnh dfc a.lm ngtt nghia cda » , S , ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ „ „„„g „„g„] / [j^i j ^ g ^<br />
A khi ldm b l ngtt cbi hodn thdnh kit thuc ti^g flidi tit nhu mong muln]. VI dy:<br />
2.1. Bfc diim ngit ngMa cda 0 khi lim<br />
0) 1»«e*:I«F7SyB , - 7 E « « { i i » 0 .<br />
bingHchlhoin thinh kitthic<br />
(4)agBJ&ff7SW3H)H,<br />
PhSn tich ngtt lifu cd sd dyng to hpp<br />
(5) a-f«!»#jlkS , S-feSSSaEH? ?<br />
"V + » " , cd till ttiiy, khi ldm bi ngtt chl hodn<br />
<br />
(6) S B t t ^ ^ a S i f f * * , •(*RSffi'e;S«l<br />
<br />
flidnh kitflidc,chl hudng ngtt nghTa cda Jfcd flll SlffT.<br />
<br />
NG6N NGf &B(n S6NG<br />
<br />
S6 10 (240-2015<br />
<br />
I<br />
<br />
d vl dy (3), (5), vd (6), chi hudng ngtt ngMa<br />
Nlu cU hutog ngtt ngMa cda % Id chl hudng?<br />
cua ft}- hudng vl dfng td vd dii tupng tilp nhfn don, ngodi bleu thj hdnh dfng sy vifc hodn thdnh<br />
hdnh dfng, bilu flij sau kW hdnh dfng ifV^H kittilde,% cdn biluflijhdnh dfng diln ra tiong<br />
(sfta dta), « [ # * Oain b^i ««>). *!!** 0'* cdi) mft qud tiinh cy flil trudc khi hodnflidnhkit<br />
thic. Vfdy nhir<br />
hodnflidnhkit flidc, 1f(6tlff7 (den tilt kifm<br />
(ii)ia:W^>fatiftiftW6#fiis^s«??<br />
difn ndng cd till sd dyng dupc), #!lk07 (bdi<br />
(12) jbSHiff^^ai»lB^gl¥ : *B}t}B*<br />
t$p dupc hodntiiifn),^MtS-7 (cdi d dtog vj tri<br />
cinflillt).d vl dy 4), cU hudng ngtt nghTa cda tShudng vl dfng td vd chi flil hdnh dfng, bilu flij<br />
NIU chl hutog ngtt nghm cia ^ Id chl hudng<br />
sau kM hdnh dfng J&ff JS)S hodn thdnh kit thdc,<br />
kdp, ^ bilu thj dil tupng tiep nhfn hdnh dfng<br />
" g » 7 " (tdi khdi bfnh).<br />
tidl qua mft qud trinh bien dil vl lupng, tli<br />
Dang chi ^ Id, khdng phdi tit cd cdc trudng "khdng" din "cd", hodc td "cd" chuyen thUnh<br />
hpp "iS" d vj Iri bi ngft deu Id bo ngft chi hodn "khdng", nghTa cda ti hpp "dfng td + ^ " cd fli^<br />
fliSnh kitfliic.Cd nhftng lie, jf chl don thuin Id phdntichnhu sau: "V +%" = [hdlfll dfng sy vi^<br />
bi ngft cM kit qud. Vidy:<br />
hoan thanh kit thic] + [dil tupngtiepnhgn hanh<br />
<br />
(13)-h^ig-ss, nmnn^'n-nM.<br />
<br />
dfng —»"cd" / "khdng" ]. VI dy:<br />
<br />
(8) «is#a*H^, ^^m^mms^tn^<br />
<br />
(14) srisaBaawafeBiffl^7, swai<br />
<br />
3X'#S-tH^7.<br />
Trong hai vl dy tren, 0 khdng biluflij^ , l€,"<br />
(15)S. ( T0g* / T^«*)<br />
(23)»«iSX-ffB£.<br />
<br />
(24)a.affi2E^7. /3E#*IB2fe^7. •'<br />
b.*ffiaff7. /SSfrSB6a»7.<br />
c.SJgiSE«7. /i8B#SBE2fe«7.<br />
<br />
(27) KlSfi] , M-T7^=F*A7 , 5tfei8»<br />
«-;S7. mnnrnm^^RT. ( SJ»R» /<br />
asR*)<br />
<br />
b. g«iifta»g.^w%g, a*.*««<br />
<br />
^ KI hl§u "•" bieu thj cAch n6i nfty phi h(?p v6i th6i<br />
quen bifiu d^it cua nguii Tmng Qudc.<br />
<br />
(32) a. «safi*ia«S5Es^e%a. zi<br />
|6liiftiA«X=F*ffi^7'<br />
<br />
Sil0(240V2ni^<br />
<br />
83<br />
<br />
NG6N NGC & BOI S6NG<br />
<br />
b. «S^^IK|51}gS5Ea^S*iS , * ^<br />
|6ltftiA®X^*@^ ?<br />
c. «SW9llalSS^JEg^g*a , S^|6l<br />
Trong vi dy (118), * R * « (dan do len) Id hdnh<br />
dfngti'chcyc, dfng tii *H cd till kit hpp dupc vdi<br />
cd ba logi b i ngtt chl hodn tiidnh kit fliic ff, ^<br />
« . Ttong vl dy (119), n^SI Id hdnh dfng tidu<br />
cyc, dfng td l!J> chl cd till kit hpp dupc vdi m,<br />
khdng kit hpp dupc vdi J? vd S .<br />
Ddng chi y Id, ^ ctog cd lie dupc sd dyng dl<br />
midu td hdnh dfng sy vifc mang tinh tidu cyc, kM<br />
hdnh dfng sy vifc ndy Id dy djnh, kl hogeh cia<br />
chd ttil hdnh dfng. Tuy nhifn, tiwtog hpp sd<br />
dyng fi? midu td hdnh dfng sy vifc tifu cyc hiong<br />
dii Itgjp. Vidy;<br />
<br />
(33)**aiB(iiS'-se«sjg»¥, S i f t M .<br />
(3 vl dy tidn, do hdnh dfng
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