PHAT TRI^N NONG NGHiep VONG D6NG BANG BAG BO<br />
<br />
THEGHl/dNGB^NVClfNG<br />
P h i V a n Hanh*<br />
Phat tridn ndng nghidp theo hfldng bdn<br />
vflng II sfl phat tridn ndng nghidp dap flng<br />
dfldc nhflng yeu e l u hi^n tai ma khdng gay<br />
anh hfldng hay trd ng^i cho vi^c dap flng<br />
yeu c i u ciia eac the h$ sau. Dd la nhu e l u<br />
ca'p b i c h v l II xu the ta't yd'u trong tid'n<br />
trinh lich sfl xa hoi. Viet Nam khong n i m<br />
ngoai xu the' dd. P h i t trien ben vflng da trd<br />
thanh dfldng Id'i, quan diem cua Dang va<br />
chfnh sach ciia Nha nfldc ta. Dai hdi Dang<br />
X khang dinh: "Ddy nhanh td'c do 'tdng<br />
trudng kinh ti', dgt dUdc bade chuyen bien<br />
quan trgng vi ndng cao hieu qud vd tinh<br />
bin vang cua sUphdt trien"'. Quan didm d6<br />
tid'p tue dfldc nha'n manh tai Dai hoi Dang<br />
XI: "Phdt trien ndng nghiep todn diin theo<br />
hudng, hieu qud, ben vOn^. De thflc hien<br />
mue tidu phat tridn ben vflng, Chinh phu<br />
da ban h a n h Dinh hfldng ehid'n lfl(?c phat<br />
<br />
trien bdn vflng b Vi?t Nam.<br />
1. D a n h g i a t i n h h i n h p h a t tridn<br />
n o n g n g h i d p v u n g d o n g b a n g Bac Bo<br />
dflfli g o c d o p h a t t r i d n b e n vflng<br />
Vdi di^n tfch tfl nhidn la 15.289 km^<br />
b i n g 4,6 % didn tfch tfl nhidn cua ca<br />
nfldc, vflng ddng b i n g B i c Bd co vi trf, vai<br />
trd trong ydu vd chfnh tri, kinh td, xa hdi,<br />
doi ngoai, an n i n h , qude phong cua ca<br />
nUde. Nhflng n a m qua, cung vdi sii<br />
nghidp ddi mdi cua dl"! nflde, dfldc Dang,<br />
Nha nfldc dae biet q u a n tam, khu vUc<br />
ddng b i n g B l e Bo da eo mflc tang trfldng<br />
k h a eao ve k i n h td, xa hoi; cua cai vfit<br />
cha't dfldc s a n xua't ra nhieu hdn da thoa<br />
m a n tot hdn n h u e l u vSt chi't, van hda,<br />
tinh t h i n eua n h a n dan; chat lUdng y td,<br />
giao due cung dUdc n a n g len.<br />
<br />
Bang 1: So xa co t r a m y te dat chuan qud'c gia tai vung dong bang Bac Bo<br />
tai thfli diem 1/7/2011<br />
<br />
CA Nirdc<br />
Dong bang B^c Bo<br />
<br />
Xa<br />
CO t r a m y te<br />
So li/dng Ty le (%)<br />
9 016<br />
99,4<br />
<br />
Xa dat c h u a n<br />
quoc gia ve y te<br />
So \}i(ing<br />
Ty le (%)<br />
7 055<br />
77,8<br />
<br />
Thon CO can bo y te<br />
thon<br />
So liA>ng Ty le (%)<br />
94,2<br />
76 155<br />
<br />
1944<br />
<br />
100,0<br />
<br />
1736<br />
<br />
89,3<br />
<br />
14 360<br />
<br />
94,3<br />
<br />
Ha Noi<br />
<br />
401<br />
<br />
100,0<br />
<br />
369<br />
<br />
92,0<br />
<br />
2 366<br />
<br />
93,1<br />
<br />
VTnh Phiic<br />
<br />
112<br />
<br />
100,0<br />
<br />
112<br />
<br />
100,0<br />
<br />
1033<br />
<br />
94,8<br />
<br />
BSc Ninh<br />
<br />
100<br />
<br />
100,0<br />
<br />
100<br />
<br />
100,0<br />
<br />
553<br />
<br />
99,3<br />
<br />
Quang Ninh<br />
<br />
127<br />
<br />
100,0<br />
<br />
123<br />
<br />
96,9<br />
<br />
1000<br />
<br />
98,6<br />
<br />
* Phi van Hanh, Iliac sy kinh ti, Giang vifin Hpc viftn chinh tri.<br />
' Ding c6ng sSn Viet Nam (20O9), Van kiln Dgi hdi Dgi bieu loan qudc Un IhHK Nxb CMih Hi quifc gia, Hii N»i. Ir 185<br />
' Dang c6ng san Viet Nam (2011), Vdn kien Dai Mi Dai bieu loin qu6c Idn IhilX, Nxb Oiinh tri quSc gia, Hi Ndi. Ir 113<br />
<br />
E H QUAN I t KINH Tf<br />
<br />
gi46(3+«J2l12l<br />
<br />
KIMH NGHIEM THIBi TiPM<br />
<br />
PHAT T R I ^ N N O N G NGHiep VONG B 6 N G BANG BAC BO,.<br />
<br />
Xa<br />
CO tram y te<br />
So' litOng Ty le (%)<br />
229<br />
100,0<br />
<br />
Hai DiicJng<br />
<br />
Xa dat chuan<br />
qud'c gia ve v tc<br />
So liTOng Ty le (%)<br />
202<br />
88,2<br />
<br />
[ j ^<br />
<br />
Thon CO can bo y te<br />
thon<br />
So litong Ty le (%)<br />
1047<br />
96,0<br />
<br />
Hung Yen<br />
<br />
145<br />
<br />
100,0<br />
<br />
120<br />
<br />
82,8<br />
<br />
762<br />
<br />
99.2<br />
<br />
Hai Phong<br />
<br />
143<br />
<br />
100,0<br />
<br />
130<br />
<br />
90,9<br />
<br />
744<br />
<br />
66,8<br />
<br />
Thai Binh<br />
<br />
267<br />
<br />
100,0<br />
<br />
200<br />
<br />
74,9<br />
<br />
1574<br />
<br />
97,8<br />
<br />
Ha Nam<br />
<br />
103<br />
<br />
100,0<br />
<br />
96<br />
<br />
92,2<br />
<br />
1091<br />
<br />
97,1<br />
<br />
Nam Dinh<br />
<br />
194<br />
<br />
100,0<br />
<br />
179<br />
<br />
92,3<br />
<br />
2 831<br />
<br />
96,3<br />
<br />
Ninh Binh<br />
<br />
123<br />
<br />
100,0<br />
<br />
106<br />
<br />
86,2<br />
<br />
1 359<br />
<br />
99,8<br />
<br />
Tay Nguyen<br />
<br />
597<br />
<br />
99,8<br />
<br />
354<br />
<br />
59,2<br />
<br />
5 525<br />
<br />
91,0<br />
<br />
479<br />
<br />
100,0<br />
<br />
441<br />
<br />
92,1<br />
<br />
2 693<br />
<br />
89,6<br />
<br />
1291<br />
<br />
99,1<br />
<br />
1 111<br />
<br />
85,3<br />
<br />
7 066<br />
<br />
81,7<br />
<br />
Dong Nam Bo<br />
Dong bang<br />
CiVu Long<br />
<br />
Song<br />
<br />
Bang 2: Vo'n tich luy binh quan ho nong nghiep viing ddng bang Bac Bo<br />
so vdi cac khu vflc khac trong niidc<br />
Dcfn VI tinh: Nghin dong<br />
Vo'n tich liiy thdi<br />
diem 1/7/2006<br />
Tien Icim<br />
Tong so<br />
loai quy<br />
12 503,9<br />
10 583,5<br />
<br />
So sanh<br />
<br />
Ca nUdc<br />
<br />
Von tich liiy thdi<br />
diem 1/7/2008<br />
Tong so Tien kim<br />
loai quy<br />
4 015,5<br />
4 783,9<br />
<br />
Dong b^ng Bdc Bp<br />
<br />
6 184,4<br />
<br />
4 192,9<br />
<br />
15 456,8<br />
<br />
12 064,7<br />
<br />
3,0<br />
<br />
2,9<br />
<br />
Trung du va mien nui phia Bac<br />
<br />
2 879,0<br />
<br />
2 274,5<br />
<br />
6 461,1<br />
<br />
5 084,4<br />
<br />
2,2<br />
<br />
2,2<br />
<br />
Bic Trung Bp va Duyen hai<br />
mien Trung<br />
<br />
3 838,8<br />
<br />
3 092,5<br />
<br />
9 664,4<br />
<br />
8 138,2<br />
<br />
2,6<br />
<br />
2,6<br />
<br />
Tay Nguyen<br />
<br />
4 298,2<br />
<br />
3 704,2<br />
<br />
13 647,3<br />
<br />
11821,6<br />
<br />
3,2<br />
<br />
3,2<br />
<br />
Dong Nam Bp<br />
<br />
8 287,6<br />
<br />
7 578,7<br />
<br />
26 785,3<br />
<br />
24 567,5<br />
<br />
3,2<br />
<br />
3,2<br />
<br />
Dong bang song Ccfu Long<br />
<br />
6 394,1<br />
<br />
5 614,0<br />
<br />
17 866,9<br />
<br />
15 801,7<br />
<br />
2,8<br />
<br />
2,8<br />
<br />
Tdng<br />
so'<br />
<br />
Tien icim<br />
loai quy<br />
<br />
2,6<br />
<br />
2,6<br />
<br />
Nguon: Ban Chi dao tong diiu tra nong nghiep va thuy san Trung Udng 2011- Bao cao ket qua<br />
tdng dieu tra n6ng nghiep nong thon nam 2011.<br />
Tuy nhien, q u a t r i n h p h a t tridn ct ddng<br />
bing Bic Bd da kdo theo hd luy lam can<br />
kiet tai nguyen, gay 6 nhilm mdi trfldng,<br />
anh hudng sflc khoe ngUcii dan, suy giam<br />
da dang sinh hoc, ml't can bang sinh thai,<br />
gia tang bdnh hiem ngheo, tang nguy cd<br />
de doa an ninh kinh te, an ninh xa hoi,<br />
cha't lUdng cudc sdng hien tai va tfldng<br />
Stii 46 (3+4/2012)<br />
<br />
lai... Theo Vu Khoa hoc cdng nghd va mdi<br />
trfldng (Bo Ndng nghidp va Phat trien<br />
ndng thon), hidn nay ca nfldc co 16.700<br />
trang trai ch&n nuoi, tap trung chu yd'u b<br />
Ddng bang sdng Hdng (45%) va Ddng<br />
Nam bo (13%). Tdng dan gia sue vdi 37,8<br />
tridu eon va tren 214 trieu con gia elm<br />
tao ra mdt khdi lUdng chit thai ra't Idn.<br />
OUAN LY KINH T I<br />
<br />
E3<br />
<br />
PHAT T R I ^ N N O N G NGHiep vJNG e6NG B A N G BAC BQ..<br />
<br />
l'j^)'il|l KIMH NGHllM THUC TIJN<br />
Trong do, luong p h a n thai cua bo khoang<br />
10-15kg/con/ngiy, t r a u \k 15-20kg/con/<br />
ng4y. Ion \k 2,5-3,5kg/con/ngay vk gia<br />
d m \k 90gr/con/ng&y. Tinh r a tdng khoi<br />
Itigng chli't thai trong chfin nuoi cua na6c<br />
ta hien hdn 73 tri^u ta'n/nftm.<br />
Viec sii d u n g phSn b6n h6a hoc khong<br />
can ddi, khdng d u n g liic ddi vdi cfiy trdng,<br />
ciing vdi mpt lupng Idn phfin bdn h&ng<br />
n a m bi rijla troi ho^c bay hdi - \k nhiing<br />
tac nhSn gay 6 n h i l m d&'t, ngudn nitdc,<br />
khdng k h i da l^m x&'u di mdi trudng san<br />
<br />
xua't ndng nghi$p vk mdi trilOng song.<br />
Hi$n tupng l ? m diing thudc bao v$ thilc<br />
v|lt t r o n g phdng trtt dich h?ii vk khdng<br />
tufin t h u c4c quy t r i n h ky thu&t, khdng<br />
du thdi gian each ly cua tiing lo^i thu(fc<br />
da dSn ddn nhidu trUdng hpp bj ng? ddc<br />
thiJc ph^m, ma't an toiln vi sinh thtic<br />
phft'm, ddng r u ^ n g bi d n h i l m . M§t sdnoi<br />
du lUdng thudc bao vd thiJc v&t cd trong<br />
da't da xft'p xi bJing ho4c vupt ngUdng gia<br />
tri cho ph^p theo QCVN 15: 2008/<br />
BTNMT (Bilu dd 1).<br />
<br />
Bieu dd 1: DU lUtfng hoa chat bao ve thUc vat trong da't d mot so' khu vUc tinh Nam Dinh<br />
Mg/kg<br />
<br />
0,005<br />
<br />
0,002<br />
0,001<br />
Xa<br />
Nam<br />
Dirong<br />
<br />
Uitr^r,<br />
Yen Dinh<br />
<br />
Thj Iran<br />
GOI<br />
<br />
Xa Giao<br />
Thifn<br />
<br />
Nguon: Bao cao moi trudng quoc gia nSm 2010.<br />
Trong nudi trdng t h u y san cung dang<br />
gap phai v i n dd tUdng tfl. Vide ddy m a n h<br />
cac bidn p h a p t h a m eanh, t a n g n a n g s u i t<br />
tai cac vung nuoi tdm t a p trung, trong dd<br />
ehu ydu la tdm su, da lam gia t a n g d<br />
nhidm ngudn nUde! Cung vdi dd, tinh<br />
t r a n g sfl dung p h a n bdn va thudc bao vd<br />
thUc vat trong trdng trot mot each t r a n<br />
lan, khdng co kiem soat da gay d nhidm<br />
mdi trudng dl't, nUde. Theo udc tinh, h i n g<br />
n a m eo khoang 60 - 65% Ifldng p h a n d a m<br />
khdng dfldc hi'p t h u tac dong tieu eflc ddn<br />
<br />
Q ] QUAN LY KINH TC<br />
<br />
h§ sinh t h a i n d n g nghidp nhfl lam ehai<br />
cflng dl't, d nhidm ngudn nfldc va cd the<br />
g i y dot bidn gen mdt sd' loai cay trdng.<br />
T r e n thflc t e , Ifldng nfldc sit dung<br />
t r o n g t r d n g t r o t I I n h i e u nhl't, chidm t^i<br />
84 % tdng lugng nflde dUdc sii dung,<br />
t r o n g k h i nfldc sfl d u n g eho cdng nghidp<br />
11 7%, dich v\i v l du lieh 3%, nfldc cho<br />
s i n h h o ^ t 2%, nuoi t r o n g t h u y san 4%.<br />
Vi^c sxi d u n g h d a chi't bao ve thflc v i t v^<br />
p h a n bdn t r o n g s a n x u ^ t ndng nghidp<br />
<br />
Stf 46 (3+4/2012)<br />
<br />
KIHH NGHIEM THim TIJM H j ^ m<br />
<br />
PHATTRliN NONG NGHIEP V O N G 0 6 N G B A N G BAC BO...<br />
<br />
ba't hdp ly la n g u y e n n h a n chu ydu gay 6<br />
nhidm ngudn nflde. T r u n g binh eo den<br />
20% - 30 % p h a n bon va thud'c bao vd<br />
thflc vat k h d n g dfldc cay t r d n g tie'p n h a n<br />
se theo nfldc mfla va nflde tfldi trong qua<br />
<br />
t r i n h rfla trdi di vao ngudn nfldc m^t va<br />
tich luy t r o n g da't, nfldc n g i m dUdi dang<br />
du lugng p h a n bdn va thude bao vd thflc<br />
vat. Ddy la hidn tflgng pho bidn b vung<br />
ddng b a n g B l e Bo.<br />
<br />
Bang 3: Ham lUdng t r u n g binh va cac thong so' 6 nhiem ngudn nfldc, da't<br />
d Ddng bang Bac Bo so sanh vdi cac khu vUc<br />
Chi so' cho phep<br />
Viing dong bang Bsic Bo<br />
1 Vung dong bang Nam Bo<br />
1 Tay Nguyen<br />
<br />
Mg<br />
0,5<br />
0,68<br />
0,68<br />
0,18<br />
<br />
As<br />
0,06<br />
0,024<br />
0,002<br />
0,001<br />
<br />
Cr<br />
0,06<br />
0,01<br />
0.008<br />
<br />
Se<br />
0.01<br />
0,01<br />
<br />
Hg<br />
0,001<br />
0,01<br />
0,001<br />
<br />
NH,;<br />
0,1<br />
8.70<br />
0.51<br />
0,05<br />
<br />
Ngudn: Bo Tai nguyen moi trUcIng - Bao cao moi trUdng quoc gia nSm 2010<br />
2. Phflflng h u d n g p h a t t r i e n n o n g<br />
n g h i e p d d n g b ^ n g B a c Bo t h e o<br />
hflflng b e n vijfng<br />
De p h a t trien nong nghidp vflng ddng<br />
bang B l e Bd theo hUdng ben vflng c i n<br />
giai quyd't nhflng va'n de s a u day:<br />
- Xac dinh ro muc tidu p h a t tridn nong<br />
nghiep ben vflng, do la: d a t dfldc sfl day<br />
du vd vat cha't; giau c6 vd van hda, t i n h<br />
t h i n ; binh d a n g cua eac cdng d a n va sU<br />
ddng t h u a n cua xa hoi; sfl hai hda gifla<br />
• con ngfldi va tfl nhidn; kdt hdp chat che,<br />
hdp ly va h a i hoa gifla p h a t tridn k i n h<br />
td', p h a t t r i e n xa hoi va bao vd moi<br />
trUdng; gifla mue tieu k i n h td vdi mue<br />
tidu xa hdi va muc tieu mdi trfldng.<br />
P h a t t r i e n ndng nghidp theo hfldng<br />
bdn vflng la p h a t t r i e n vdi cd cau k i n h te<br />
hdp ly, t a n g trUdng dn dinh, t r a n h dUdc<br />
sU suy thoai hoac dinh trd; can ddi gifla<br />
tdc do t a n g trfldng k i n h te' vdi vide sfl<br />
dung cac ngudn Iflc, t a i nguydn thien<br />
nhien; h a i hda gifla t a n g trfldng k i n h td<br />
vdi p h a t tridn v a n hoa, xa hdi, p h a t tridn<br />
khoa hgc cdng nghd, dae biet chu t r g n g<br />
cong nghd sach, n h S m d a p flng ydu e l u<br />
n a n g cao ddi sdng cua n h a n dan, t r a n h<br />
duge n a n d nhidm mdi trUcfng ma cae the<br />
hd hidn t a i va tUdng lai p h a i ganh chiu.<br />
<br />
SA'46 (3+4/2012)<br />
<br />
• Xac dinh chidn Iflgc hdp ly vd p h a t<br />
tridn ndng nghiep hang hda hidn dai doi<br />
vdi vung ddng b i n g B l e Bd. Tap t r u n g<br />
dau t u p h a t tridn k h u vflc ddng b i n g B l e<br />
Bd t h a n h vung s a n xua't ndng nghiep<br />
chuyen canh h a n g hda ed k h a n a n g canh<br />
t r a n h cao, dap flng n h u c i u tidu dflng<br />
t a n g len cua d a n cfl (do t h u n h a p dfldc<br />
cai thidn) vd: Ifldng thflc, thflc phdm c h i t<br />
lugng eao hdn, ve sinh, an toan hdn.<br />
P h a t tridn nong nghidp trd t h a n h mdt<br />
n g a n h k i n h te t h u h u t nhieu d i u tfl, ap<br />
d u n g cdng n g h e cao, cd nang sua't lao<br />
ddng cao, lao ddng co kidn thflc v l t r i n h<br />
dd ky t h u a t . P h a t tridn ddng bd he thdng<br />
cac n h a may che' bidn vdi cdng nghe cao<br />
gan c h a t vdi eac v u n g nguyen lieu ndng<br />
nghidp. P h a t tridn hd thd'ng n h a may san<br />
x u l t ndng eu, vat tU ndng nghidp v l<br />
h a n g hoa p h u c vu ndng nghidp, ndng<br />
thdn thong qua nhflng k e n h p h a n phd'i<br />
de'n t a n dia b a n thdn xa.<br />
H i n h t h a n h cae v u n g chuyen canh<br />
lua c6 quy md s a n xua't Idn, vfla vdi k h a<br />
n a n g cd gidi hoa. Xay dflng he thong n h a<br />
kho Idn g i n vdi cac cd sd h a t i n g phuc vu<br />
tidp thi n h u s a n giao dieh, n h a may che<br />
bidn, bdn c a n g xua't k h a u tai eho. Tan<br />
d u n g lgi t h d vd c i y I n qua ndi tidng vdi<br />
nhieu dac s a n nhfl n h a n long HUng Ydn,<br />
OUAN LY KINH TE Q ]<br />
<br />
• JJiilillUMHMGmgMTHlfCTliN<br />
<br />
chud'i ngU Dai H o a n g Ha Nam, cam<br />
T h a n h Ha, budi D i l n . . . de da d a n g hda<br />
va thfldng m a i hda ndng nghigp. T§p<br />
t r u n g d i u tfl cai tao vfldn t a p , duy tri<br />
cae gid'ng dac san, p h a t tridn c i y &n qua<br />
gan chat vdi cdng nghiep chd bid'n, ddng<br />
gdi, chflng n h § n ngudn gd'e xud't xfl v l<br />
dieh vu du lieh.<br />
D i u tu x i y dflng cd ban phuc vy<br />
ndng nghiep va k i n h td' ndng thdn mgt<br />
each hieu qua va bdn vflng. Coi trgng<br />
d i u tfl hd thd'ng giao thdng dfldng bg.<br />
Quy hoach eac khu s a n xua't chan nudi<br />
tap t r u n g quy md Idn n i m n g o i i c i c khu<br />
dan cU cho phdp p h a t tridn kinh td t r a n g<br />
trai, gia trai, dam bao vfla s a n x u l t h i n g<br />
hoa Idn, vfla a n toan dieh b^nh. Xfl ly td't<br />
cha't thai cua vat nudi theo chu t r i n h<br />
khdp kin va hai h o i : c h i t t h a i duge sfl<br />
dung lam p h a n bon va n a n g Ifldng phue<br />
vu san x u l t trdng trgt; p h u p h i m va s a n<br />
pham cua trdng t r g t dUdc d u n g l a m thflc<br />
a n gia sue. Tdn d u n g lgi t h d ve s a n x u l t<br />
nong nghiep va sinh ke' ndng thdn h a i<br />
hoa vdi thien nhien, t r a n h t h a y doi didu<br />
kien tu nhien de doi pho vdi bidn ddi k h i<br />
hau. P h a t h u y vai tro bao ve sinh t h a i va<br />
moi trUdng, n g a n lu, 6m phdn, eh&n bao,<br />
lan da't,...ciia hai loai rflng da dflge thflc<br />
td chflng minh gdm: rflng t r a m trdn da't<br />
<br />
Q<br />
<br />
QUAN Lt KINH TE<br />
<br />
PHATTRI^N NONG NGHI£P VONG D6NG BANG BAC BQj<br />
<br />
phdn ng§p nfldc t h e o m u a va rflng ngSp<br />
m§n ven bidn b ddng b i n g B i c Bd.<br />
Vdi thUc td trdn d i y eua ddng b i n g B^c<br />
Bg, c i n xem xdt l^i phfldng thflc p h i t trife<br />
kinh td, xa h^i cung nhU h i n h vi flng XBI<br />
vdi thidn nhidn theo hudng kdt hdp chfit<br />
chd, hgp 1^, h i i h o i gifla p h a t tridn kinh t^<br />
vdi thflc hidn tidn bg, cong bang xa h$i v^<br />
bao v^ mdi trfldng. P h a t tridn ndng ngh^p<br />
theo hfldng bdn vflng 11 sU lUa chgn tdi ifti,<br />
II miic tidu hang d i u trong chidn lugc phit<br />
tridn nong nghidp hidn nay eua ddng bing<br />
<br />
Bic BO.<br />
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO<br />
Ban Chi dao Tdng didu t r a nong thon,<br />
ndng nghidp v l t h u y s a n Trimg Udng<br />
(2011), Bao cao k e t qua didu tra ndng<br />
thdn, ndng nghidp v l t h u y san.<br />
• Bg Tai n g u y e n v l Mdi trfldng (2010),<br />
Bao cao moi trfldng qudc gia.<br />
D a n g Cgng s a n Vidt Nam (2009), Von<br />
kiin Dgi hdi Dgi bieu todn qudc lan<br />
thaX, Nxb Chinh tri qudc gia. Ha N6i.<br />
Dang Cdng s a n Vigt Nam (2011), Van<br />
kiin Dgi hdi Dgi bieu todn qudc idn thit<br />
xi. Nxb Chinh tri quoc gia. Ha Ndi.<br />
Nien gidm thd'ng ke 2010, Nha xuft<br />
b a n Thd'ng ke, Ha Ndi.<br />
http://www.vaas.org.vn<br />
<br />
Sfi'46 (3+4/2012)<br />
<br />