Recovery of Chlorella biomass using Fe3O4 and Fe3O4@SiO2 magnetic nanoparticles: Isotherm and thermodynamic characteristics of adsorption

Harvesting microalgae by centrifugation and filtration is very costly, affecting technical and economical feasibility of downstream processing of algal biomas to bioproducts. Flocculation is a potential technique for recovery of algae biomass. Particularly, flocculation using magnetic nanoparticles offers high separation efficiency due to their high surface area and magnetic properties. I