Thị trường Mỹ tiếp tục hút hàng thủy sản Việt Nam

THI TRaC5NG/XUAT KHAU<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ^<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> X<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> San pham torn XK cua IVIinh Phii - Anh: Thai Phu-o-ng<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ^Thi trircmg My<br /> tiep tuc hut hang thuy san Viet Nam<br /> D PhUdng Mai MY LA MOT TRONG 3 THI TRLTONG TIEU THU THUY SAN LON NHAT THE<br /> GIOI, SAU EU VA NHAT BAN. TUY NHIEN, SAU CUQC KHUNG HOANG KEO<br /> DAI TL/ NAM 2008 SLTC MUA CUA THI TRLTONG NAY PHUC HOI NHANH HON<br /> SO VOI HAI THI TRUONG TREN. OEN NAY, NHU CAU TIEU THU OA KHA ON<br /> OINH vA LA DIEM OEN CUA HAU HET CAC NGUON CUNG CAP QUOC TE.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> San xuat va nhap khau thiiy 1 ty USD. So vdi nam trude, san nam My phai NK khoang 14-15<br /> san cua My trong nam qua lugng thiiy san khai thac tang ty USD gia tri hang thiiy san.<br /> Nam 2010, san lugng khai nhe, nhung nguoe lai san lugng Nam 2010, My NK khoang 2,5<br /> thac thiiy san cua My dat tren 3,7 nudi dang ngay cang giam. trieu tan san pham thuy san lam<br /> trieu tan, tri gia 4,5 ty USD; san De dap ung phan ldn nhu cau thue pham, tri gia 14,8 ty USD,<br /> lugng nudi trdng dat gia tri tren tieu dimg ciia ngudi dan, hang tang tren 134.000 tan (5,7%) va<br /> <br /> 5 6 THUONG MAI THUY SAN / S6 142 / THANG 10/2011<br />  THj TR^dNG/XUAT KHAU<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 1,7 ty USD so vdi nam 2009. Day dp NK mat hang nay lai gia tang ty USD, tang 27,8% so vdi ciing<br /> la miic tang kha cao so vdi nhieu kha manh. Cac nha cung ca'p Idn ky nam 2010, muc tang trudng<br /> thi trudng tieu thu qud'c te khae, nha't la Thai Lan, Inddnexia, Viet rat cao so vdi nhieu mat hang<br /> ke ca Nhat Ban va EU. Trong dd Nam, Mehied, Ecuado, Trung khac va xu hudng nay cd the cdn<br /> dang ke nha't la eac san pham Qud'c, An Dp. Tuy nhien trong keo dai trong thdi gian tdi. NK<br /> thiiy san ddng laiih va tuoi, gia nam nay, Inddnexia va Mehied ca da tron cua My lien tuc tang<br /> tri de'n 12,8 ty USD, do hgp cac da giam manh XK sang My, trong manh tir nam 2004 de'n nay. Nam<br /> loai 1,58 ty USD. khi do Thai Lan, Viet Nam va An 2010, My nhap 201 trieu USD,<br /> Miic tieu thu binh quan tinh Dp \'Cin Hep tuc gia tang thj phan cao hon so vdi nam 2009, va mdi<br /> tren dau ngudi cua My trong d day. day nha't, trong 7 thang dau nam<br /> nam 2010 la 15,8 pao/ngudi, Tinh den het thang 7/2011, 2011 NK ea da tron ciia My dat<br /> giam nhe so \oi 16,0 pao/ngudi NK tdm cua My da dat tren 2,47 165,6 trieu USD, tang 56% so vdi<br /> nam 2009. Tuv nhien, o nhieu thj<br /> trudng ldn khae, sue tieu thu cdn<br /> giam manln hon trong dieu kien N h $ p khau thuy san ciia My t u cac nha xuat khau<br /> gia thuy san tang. Cac loai thuy chinh, 2010 (Khoi iu-cyng)<br /> san dupe tieu thu nhieu la tdm,<br /> ca hdi, ea ngir, ca tra, ...<br /> Cac DLPac khac Trung Quoc<br /> Mpt sd'mat hang NK dang ke 23%<br /> nha't cua My trong nam qua gdm<br /> tdm tuoi/ddng lanh (dat gia tri<br /> ldn nha't vdi 4,3 ty USD, chie'm<br /> 28,9% tdng gia tri NK thuc pham<br /> thiiy san); ea hdi tuoi/ddng lanh<br /> (1,7 ty USD), ea ngir (khoang 1,34 That Lan<br /> Viet Nam 17%<br /> ty USD, ke ea ea ngir hop), ...<br /> 5%<br /> Rieng viec NK mat hang tdm<br /> aia My ludn la van de dupe<br /> quan tam nhieu nha't cua chinh<br /> thi trudng My va aia eac nha<br /> Xuat khau thuy san Viet Nam sang IVIy, 8T - 2011<br /> XK, vi nhiing bie'n ddng eiia thi<br /> trudng nay se keo theo nhiing he<br /> luy khae d cac thi trudng tieu thu<br /> ldn, ddng thdi tac ddng true tie'p<br /> trd lai cac nha san xua't va cung<br /> cap tdm eho My ndi rieng va eho<br /> eac thi trudng khae ndi ehung,<br /> nha't la ve van de gia.<br /> Nam 2010, NK tdm ciia My<br /> tang 13,6% so vdi nam 2009. Day<br /> la miic tang manh so vdi nhieu<br /> mat hang thiiy san NK khae eiia<br /> My va so vdi td'e do NK cimg mat 8 Thang<br /> <br /> hang nay eiia nhieu thi trudng<br /> ldn khae. Tir cud'i nam 2010, td'e<br /> <br /> THUONG MAI THUY SAN / S6 142/THANG 10/2011 57<br />  THI T R U ' C 5 N G / X U A T KHAU<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> cimg ky nam 2010 muc tang Trong so cac mat hang tieu thy Trong 8 thang dau nam 2011,<br /> trudng rat ly tudng va hap dan dien hinh ciia thi trudng My, ra't thj trudng My tie'p tuc hiit hang<br /> ddi vdi bat cu nha XK da tron may Vigt Nam da va dang tang thuy san Vigt Nam mpt each<br /> nao d chau A. cudng ngudn cung ca'p mpt sd'san manh me. Td'e dg tang trudng<br /> NK ca ngii' hgp cua My trong pham chu luc, dd la tdm, ea tra trung binh hang thang dat tren<br /> nam 2010 ciing tang 7,5'Xi so vdi va ca ngir, ben canh cae mat hang 49% so vdi thang cimg ky nam<br /> nam 2009. Ngudn cung cap ldn khac nhu myc, bach tupe, nhuyen ngoai. Luy ke'8 thang, thi trudng<br /> nha't la Thai Lan, chie'm 59'X) vc the hai manh vd va ca bien. My da nhap khoang 730 trieu<br /> khdi lugng, Philippin 11% va Rieng tdm, Viet Nam cung USD thiiy san Viet Nam, tang<br /> Viet Nam dung thu 3 vdi 9%. ca'p tdi 9% tdng khdi lugng NK 32,9% so vdi ciing ky nam truoc,<br /> Nhu cau ea ngir hpp van tang cua My, dung thii 4 trong so cae trong dd ba mat hang chinh<br /> deu tir nam 2007, mac dii chua nha cung cap chinh eho My, sau neu tren tie'p tuc duy tri da tang<br /> dat miic dinh cua nam 2003. Ca Thai Lan 36%, Ecuado 12% va trudng cao, nhung an tugng nha't<br /> ngir hpp la mat hang dupe gidi Inddnexia 11%. la mat hang ea tra, da tang hem<br /> binh dan tieu thu manh, nha't la Tuy nhien, dang chu y, ve gap ddi gia trj. Du doan, trong<br /> trong dieu kien kinh te' kha eo gia trj Viet Nam lai dung thii cac thang cudi nam siie mua ciia<br /> hep hien nay. 2 va chie'm tdi 12% tdng gia trj cac nha NK My se manh hon de<br /> Ve XK, My chu ye'u xua't eac NK tdm ciia My, chi sau Thai ehuan bj ngudn hang eho miia<br /> mat hang nhu ea hdi, surimi va Lan 36% va diing trude cae nude tieu thu cd nhiing ngay le lan<br /> tdm hiim. Trong nam 2010, nude nhu Inddnexia, Ecuado, An Do, nhu Noel va \ a m mdi.<br /> nay xua't 4,4 ty USD, tang gan Trung Qud'c va Mehied,... Ke't Nhung nguyen nhan chinh<br /> 400 trieu USD so vdi nam 2009. qua nay la nhd khoi lugng tdm dugc eho la ed tac ddng tich<br /> Nhu vay tham hut thuong sii cd ldn cua Viet Nam chie'm uu cue den XK sang My trong nam<br /> mai thiiy san eiia My da len de'n the' trong tdng lugng XK va don 2010 va 8 thang dau nam nay la:<br /> 10,42 ty USD trong nam 2010, gia eiia san pham nay thudng siie tieu thu cua ngurdi dan My<br /> tang 14% so vdi nam 2009, trong kha cao. Lgi the' nay lien tuc ndi ehung da phuc hdi trd lai<br /> dd tham hut thuong mai vdi chau dugc phat huy trong nhieu nam sau mpt thdi gian eat giam do<br /> A manh nha't, tie'p de'n la Bac My, qua. Tuy nhien trong nam 2011 tinh hinh suy thoai; san luong<br /> Nam My va chau Au. Con so khdi lugng tdm ed ldn theo ude cua nhieu nude ed truyen thong<br /> tham hut cho tha'y su phu thupc tinh ed the giam do anh hudng cung cap cho My thap hon nhieu<br /> ngay cang nang vao thuy san NK eiia benh tdm su. so vdi trude do thien tai, vi vay<br /> ciia thi trudng My. Nam 2010 danh dau su thanh khdng duy tri dugc miic nhu<br /> cdng an tugng ciia XK thiiy san nam ngoai. Ben canh dd sif co<br /> Viet N a m dang o dau tren Viet Nam sang thi trudng My tran dau trong vimg vinh Mehico<br /> han do cung cap thuy san vdi gia tri dat tren 971 trieu USD, hdi thang 4/2010 ding gay tac<br /> cho My? tang 45,3% so vdi nam 2009 - khi ddng ldn de'n kha nang cung<br /> Theo danh gia ehung tren XK thiiy san Viet nam sang My cap thiiy san ndi dia. Nhimg<br /> binh dien the' gidi, trong nam giam den 4,2% so vdi nam trude nguyen nhan nay, cd liic da tao<br /> 2010 Viet Nam la nude cung dd do anh hudng nang ne eiia ra mdi lo ngai ehung ve thie'u hut<br /> cap thiiy san ldn thii 5 (ve khdi khiing hoang tai chinh the'gidi. ngudn cung cap eho thi trudng<br /> lugng) eho thi trudng My, chie'm Dang chii y, trong nam 2010 My, vi vay gia thiiy san eiing bi<br /> 5% tdng NK thue pham thiiy san XK ba mat hang chinh la tdm, day len cao. Tan dung nhimg<br /> eiia nude nay, diing sau Trung ea tra va ea ngu deu tang manh, CO hdi nay, nhieu nude da tang<br /> Qudc vdi 23%, Thai Lan 17%, tuong ung 38,5%, 30,5% va 87,7% cudng d u a hang vao My, trong<br /> Canada 12% va Inddnexia 6%. ve gia tri so vdi nam trude. dd manh me nha't phai ke de'n<br /> <br /> 5 8 THUONG MAI THUY SAN / S6 142 / THANG 10/2011<br />  THI T R U ' C J N G / X U A T KHAU<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Thai Lan, An Do va Viet Nam.<br /> Ve nguyen nhan chii quan,<br /> cd the tha'y san xua't thiiy san<br /> ciia nude ta ngay cang dugc<br /> chii trgng, san lugng khai thac<br /> va nudi trdng tang deu qua cac<br /> nam, ddi tugng nudi md rpng,<br /> trong dd dang ke nha't la tdm<br /> chan trang. Loai na\' da tao nen<br /> mot bude phat trien mdi cho<br /> mat hang tdm chie'n luge. Ben<br /> canh dd, nganli ca tra, mac dii<br /> phai trai qua mot nam day bie'n<br /> ddng ca ve san xuat nguNon lieu<br /> de'n thi trudng tieu thu xa gia ca,<br /> nhung cudi cimg \'an dat dugc<br /> khdi lugng nguyen lieu tren 1,3<br /> trieu tan trong nam 2010 phuc vu Phi le ca tra XK - Anh: Internet<br /> eho che'bie'n.<br /> Rao can thue' chdng ban pha My tang la thi trudng ldn Nhat ciing loai cua Thai Lan, Trung<br /> gia ap dat cho ea tra va tdm Ban ngay cang khd khan hon ca Qud'c va mpt sd' nha che' bie'n<br /> Viet Nam trong nam 2010 va ve tieu chuan ve sinh va siic mua khae. Hon nira, sau eac lan xem<br /> dau nam nay cung da phan nao ban che'. Tir thang 9 nam 2010, xet hanh chinh, thue' ehd'ng ban<br /> dugc eat giam thdng qua cac nude nay da ap dung kiem tra pha gia ciia My ddi vdi tdm a i a<br /> dgt xem xet hanh chinh. Sd' DN 100% (ddi vdi trifluralin) cac Id cae nude nhu Thai Lan va An Dp<br /> XK ea tra \'a tdm sang My dugc hang NK tir Viet Nam, trong khi da thap hon dang ke so vdi Viet<br /> hudng thue'sua't bang 0 va gan 0 ndi luc eiia chinh thi trudng nude Nam. Nhiing nguyen nhan nay<br /> tang len eiing la ye'u td' thiic day hp Cling dang cd van de nhu siic da han che' phan nao kha nang<br /> doanh sd' XK. Hien nay, mot so tieu thu giam do anh hudng cua XK thiiy san Viet Nam sang My.<br /> DN chua he XK hoac ngimg xua't tham hpa ddng da't hdi dau nam, Tuy vay, theo danh gia ehung<br /> sau vu kien ding da trien khai do dd NK thuy san tir Viet Nam tinh hinh san xua't nguyen lieu<br /> hoat ddng d thi trudng nay. Mdi trong nvra dau nam 2011 de'n nay thuy san ve cudi nam eiia ea<br /> day, Viet Nam da dugc WTO xir chi tang d miic rat khiem ton. nude cd nhieu trien vpng, nha't la<br /> thang trong vu kien My ap dung Nhung ciing phai tha'y rang tdm chan trang nudi. Dieu kien<br /> phuong phap quy ve 0 bat hgp day manh doanh so d thi trudng thi trudng kha thuan lgi do eac<br /> ly trong viec tinh toan bien do My khdng phai de, nha't la trong nha NK va phan phdi ciia nude<br /> pha gia. Dieu nay se ed tac ddng nam nay. Chiing ta vd'n ed the ngoai tich cue vao miia thu mua<br /> tich cue mang tinh phap ly eho manh ve tdm sii ed ldn nhung de xay dung ngudn hang eho cac<br /> cac dgt xem xet hanh chinh tie'p vu nudi dau nam vira qua tdm dip le cudi nam va dau nam mdi.<br /> theo, ddng thdi eiing la eo sd de sii da bi che't tren 60% d mpt so Vi vay, XK thiiy san eiia ea nude<br /> ehiing ta dau tranh eho cac dgt vimg nudi trgng diem, khie'n san ed nhieu eo hdi gia tang tren<br /> xem xet chua phii hgp vira qua. lugng tdm ed ldn thie'u hut nang. nhieu thi trudng qud'c te', trong<br /> Ben canh dd, cac mat hang tdm dd cd My, va hy vpng ed the dat<br /> Mpt nguyen nhan khae khdng<br /> bao bdt va che'bie'n GTGT ciia ta de'n gia tri 6 ty USD. •<br /> kem phan quan trgng khie'n<br /> ngudn cung cap eho thi trudng chua canh tranh ndi vdi san pham P.M.<br /> <br /> THUONG MAI THOY SAN / S6 142 / THANG 10/2011 5 9<br />