Thị trường ứng dụng di động trên thế giới

VAN OE S I / KIEN<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Thi trircna<br /> una duna di dena<br /> tren tiie aici<br /> Thang 7 / 2 0 0 9 , Lien minh Vien thong quoc te ban do, tin tuc, thong tin kinh doanh, thdi tiet va du<br /> ( I T U ) da phat hanh bao cao ve cac u'ng dung di Uch. Tat ca nhiing img dung nay cd it nhat mdt trong<br /> dpng (Mobile Applications). Bao cao mo ta thj nhung dac diem cong nghe sau: cac giao dien lien lac<br /> tru'dng u'ng dung di dpng dang phat trien nhanh<br /> (Wi-Fi, WiBro/mobile WilVIAX, GSM/EDGE, W-CDMA/<br /> chong va xac djnh cac sang kien nham vao viec<br /> UMTS/HSPA va Bluetooth], cac bp xu ly am thanh va<br /> tieu chuan hoa cho moi tru'dng di dpng md va<br /> tiTOng tac. hlnh anh, may anh, bp cam bien hay GPS.<br /> Cac nha san xuat may cam tay, cac nha khai thac<br /> Trong khi toan bp thi trudng dien thoai di dpng<br /> mang di dpng va cac nha cung cap he dieu hanh di<br /> (DTDD] tren the gicM bi sut giam do khimg hoang kinh<br /> dpng (Bang 1 ] dang nd luc ma cac cita hang true tuyen<br /> te, thi thi trudng DTDD thong minh lai c6 su tang<br /> de tan dung nhu cau ngay cang tang cua khach hang.<br /> trudng kha quan. Viec cd nhieu lua chpn cac img dung<br /> Cua hang img dung cua Apple da c6 thanh cdng Idn,<br /> di dpng da tra nen quan trpng de dem lai thanh cong<br /> vupt qua cpt mdc 1 ty img dung dupc tai ve trong chua<br /> thuong mai cua cac thiet bi di dpng moi.<br /> den 10 thang, va dat 1,6 ty lan tai ve trong mot nam<br /> Tuy nhien, viec hinh thanh cac ung dung di dpng<br /> [1]. Nhung thiet bi cong nghe cao co the chay cac img<br /> chay tren cac dien thoai thong minh bi rang bupc bdi<br /> dung di dpng can mpt loat cac img dung hap din va<br /> su phan chia thi trudng vdi cac nen tang (platform|<br /> md rpng neu cac thiet bi do tao ra su ban hang phan<br /> khac nhau.<br /> eimg va doanh thu mang. Hang nghien cim Ovum cho<br /> Cac img dung dl dpng la phan mem dupc bo sung biet thi trudng cho dien thoai thdng minh tang 23%<br /> them cho cac thiet bi cam tay, ching han nhu dien thoai trong hai nam 2008 - 2009. Viec dat hang dien thoai<br /> thdng minh va may hd trp so ca nhan (PDA). Nhimg thong minh du bao tang han 400 trieu vao nam 2014,<br /> phan mem phd bien nhat la trd choi, noi mang xa hpi. gan nhu du kha nang chay cac img dung cua it nhat<br /> mpt cua hang.<br /> Mpt tham dd thi trudng gan day cita cdng ty tu van<br /> Gravitytank sd hQu dien thoai thdng mlnh cho thay<br /> 70% ngudi tra 101 da mua va cai mpt img dung trong<br /> thang trudc d6 va nhQng nguoi su dung dd trung binh<br /> c6 21 Qng dung dupc cai dat [4]. Mpt phan M img<br /> dung trong so nay la nhQng ung dung da dugc tra<br /> phi vdi cac mQc bat dau khoang 1 USD. Nhieu img<br /> dung la miin phi, de thu hut khach hang mdi cho img<br /> dung tra phi ttong Mong lai, cac img dung khae la eho<br /> <br /> <br /> TAP CHi CNTT&TT KY 1 (8.2009)<br /> VAN OE SLT KIEN<br /> <br /> <br /> nha khai thac mang<br /> Bang 1: Cac dac diem ciia cac nen tang di dpng [3]<br /> lo ling viec chiem<br /> Cong t>' Cv:a hang ung dung<br /> He dilu hanh (OS) Ngon ngir lap trinh<br /> (Ngay khai trutmg) het cac dich vu hien<br /> Apple iPhone OS Objective-C iPhone ,App Store (07 08) nay tQ cac chQc nang<br /> LiMo Foundation LiMo Platform (Linu.\) Java, native {C/C++) not yet available moi va do do han che<br /> Microsoft Windows Mobile Visual C#/C++ Windows Mobile Marketplace (09 09) cac img dung nhu:<br /> Open Handset Alliance Android {Linu.x) Java .Android Market (10 OS)<br /> - Cac img dung<br /> PalmOS C/C++<br /> Palm Palm .App Catalog (06 09) VoIP thach thuc cac<br /> webOS (Lmux) JavaScript, HTML5<br /> cupc gpi thoai truyen<br /> Qualcomm BREW^ C/C++ Plaza Retail (05 08)<br /> thdng (vi du Skype<br /> RIM BlackBem- OS Java BlackBern .App World (04 09)<br /> Symbian Foundation Symbian C++ Nokja Ovi Store (05/09)<br /> [8])<br /> - Cac ung dung IM<br /> nhiing khach hang da dang ky website hay dich vu. Vi (Nhin tin tuc thdi)<br /> du, Qng dung NY Times cho dien thoai BlackBerry va<br /> thach thuc SMS va '<br /> iPhone cap nhat nhQng tin Mc mdi nhat va hien thi tin<br /> - Cac Qng dung thQc day luOt web va han che luu<br /> tuc do tren man hinh thiet bi, vol lua chpn phu hpp vai<br /> lupng true myen. Nhung img dung nay cung vdi ndi lo<br /> ngudi su dung chpn lua cac dau muc tin tuc.<br /> phan mem dpc hai (malware] lam cho cac doi tac lo<br /> Trong phan idn cac truong hpp, cac img dung dupc ling, cho phep cac cdng ty phat trien tiep can true tiep<br /> lap trinh bdi cac cdng ty phat trien thQ ba. Tuy nhien, cac chuc nang loi cua mpt thiet bi bao gom khdi dien<br /> cac img dung dd vin phai phu thupc su chap thuan thoai, trinh duyet web va may khach email va thiet bi<br /> cua nhimg ngudi chu cua hang Qng dung (trong nhieu truyen thong.<br /> trudng hpp, nhu Apple, la do chinh nha san xuat] quan<br /> NhQng gloi han cua nha san xuat, cong ty va cac<br /> tam tdi phan phdi, thanh toan va tiep thi san pham<br /> nha cung cap da din toi mpt viec ma doi vdi iPhone da<br /> gloi han, thanh toan lai khoang 30% gia ban cua timg<br /> dupc biet vcM cai ten jailbreaking. Dieu nay cd nghia la<br /> Qng dung.<br /> sau khi cat dat mot bp phan mem khong chinh thQc,<br /> Ke tQ khi c6 he thong tinh cuoc, viec ngudi su dung<br /> ngudi su dung cd the bo qua co che phan phdi Qng<br /> danh gia va cac ca che tiep thi la phd bien cho hang<br /> dung chinh thuc, va cai dat cac Qng dung khdng dupc<br /> ngan img dung, cac cua hang true Myen cho thay hoat<br /> phep. Vi du, Qng dung IPhoneModem [9] cho ph6p<br /> dpng doanh thu cao tiem nang cho nhimg ngudi sa<br /> dien thoai chia se ket ndi Intemet vdi mot PC hay Mac<br /> huu [5]. Viec cap nhat he dieu hanh mdi nhat [3.0] cua<br /> [10]. Cho den gin day, Apple van khdng cho phep cac<br /> iPhone md rpng muc tieu thuang mai vl mo, cho ph6p<br /> img dung chia se Intemet. Ndi chung, cd jailbreaking<br /> cac cdng ty phat trien ban npi dung hay cac dich vu<br /> thi mpt thiet bi se khdng nhan dupc bao hanh cua nha<br /> quan trpng trong cac img dung, su dung cua hang de<br /> thu phi thue bao hay chi mpt lan [6]. Tiep thi di dpng<br /> d hlnh thuc cac img dung thuang hieu va quang cao<br /> trong Qng dung da bat dau cat canh va hQa hen mang<br /> lai nhung doanh thu bo sung [7]. Ben canh dd, kinh<br /> doanh cua hang phan mem la mpt dpng ca de ban<br /> phan eimg.<br /> Viec tQ chdi img dung ben thQ ba cd the la do cac npi<br /> dung nhay cam, hay viec sao chep cac chuc nang dupc<br /> gdi chua trong cac img dung di kem vdi thiet bi. Mdt sd<br /> <br /> <br /> T/!)P CHI CNTT&TT KY 1 ( 8 . 2 0 0 9 )<br />  VAN O E S y KIEN |<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> san xuat. bi khac ke ci cac he thdng thdng tin giii tri tten xe cd<br /> [15]. Tham chi trudc khi eac thiet bi cua khach hang<br /> Nhirng thay doi va su nhap nhing trong nhirng gidi<br /> duac trang bi Android, hang nghin nha phat trien Qng<br /> han cua nha sin xuat va viec thieu su Mong tac glQa<br /> cac phan mem la nhung rao can ddi vdi viec phat trien dung da nhay vao thi trudng nay, hy vpng sin sang<br /> thi truOng Qng dung di dpng. Cac Qng dung do cac khai truang cac thiet bi Android diu tien.<br /> cong ty phat trien viet cho mpt thiet bi phai duac viet Hien dien trong khoang 30 model cim tay khic<br /> lai, ke M khi cac giao dien lap trinh ung dung (API] va nhau, Phan mem LiMo (Linux Mobile] la mpt he dieu<br /> cac bp phat trien phan mem (SDK] la danh rieng cho hanh ma de toan bp nganh di dpng su dung. To chQc<br /> timg img dung chinh. Quy trinh nay lam cham thoi LiMo duac NEC, NTT Doeomo, Orange, Panasonic,<br /> gian vao thi trudng, han che quy md thi trudng, can Samsung va Vodafone khdi xudng va da md rdng len<br /> tra cac khach hang su dung cac Qng dung da dupc hon 50 thanh vien qudc te [16].<br /> ban tren cac thiet bi loai khac va lam cho khach hang Mpt dien dan cdng nghe khac la td chuc Phin mem<br /> nhim lin ve su sin sang va nhQng dac tinh cua no. dau cudi di dpng md OMTP thi tap trung vao viec<br /> Tuy nhien, su khac biet giua cac nen ting di dpng "don giin hda trii nghiem cac dich vu dQ lieu di dpng<br /> dudng nhu khdng cdn d mpt sd linh vuc. Phuang tien cua khach hang va tang cudng an ninh cho thiet bi<br /> trinh duyet WebKit nguon md [ 11 ] tap trung mdt sd eac di dpng" [17]. To chQc nay gan day da xuit bin tieu<br /> cdng nghe mdi nhat cho cac trinh duyet Web la nen chuan BONDI, dinh nghla cae giao dien eho truy nhap<br /> ting cho da so cac trinh duyet web di dpng, API ciia cac chQc nang loi cua thiet bi mpt each an toan tu trinh<br /> OpenGL ES [12], mpt chuan cho cac hlnh inh cho cac duyet web va giao dien ngudi su dung. Dieu nay tranh<br /> he thdng nhung. Men nay dupc su dung rpng rai de cho cac nha phat trien bi bupc vao mpt phin mem eu<br /> giii quyet phan cQng hlnh anh cua thiet bi di dpng. the va cho ph6p hp viet cac Qng dung cho tat ci cac<br /> Dupc su ung hp cua ddng dio nhimg cdng ty sang may cd cai BONDI.<br /> lap Google, Lien minh may cam tay md OHA (mpt Sang kien OneAPI [18] cua Hiep hdi GSM tim kiem<br /> nhdm 47 cdng ty] da cam ket ma hon trong he thdng de dinh nghia mot API dugc hd trp chung nhat cho<br /> di dpng [13]. Di diu la phan mem di dpng Linux nguon phep cac nha khai thac dua ra cac thdng tin ve va cac<br /> md Android da cho thiy nhQng dau hieu chap nhan khi nang cua mang di ddng cua hp cho cic nha phat<br /> nhanh chdng cua cac nha sin xuat, khai thac, phat trien Qng dung. API ho trp hlnh thanh ndi dung va cac<br /> trien Qng dung va ngudi su dung va hien nay dupc tim Qng dung c6 the xach theo tren toan mang cua nhieu<br /> thay trong mpt sd may tinh mang (netbook] va cac thiet nha khai thac khac nhau va cung cap cac giao dien<br /> chung cho nhin tin, vi tri,<br /> dQ lieu ngudi su dung, ket<br /> Operator gateways<br /> ndi va cudc (Hinh 1). Sang<br /> simply implefnent the<br /> Access API. enablnig kien nay cung nham hpp<br /> portability ol Web apps<br /> tac vdi cac CO quan tieu<br /> chuan ve viec can thiet cd<br /> Lightweigtit versions of cac nha phat trien cho cac<br /> existing standards are<br /> used and exposed over<br /> Web developer .friendly<br /> API.<br /> protocols, e.g Web<br /> services. RESTful<br /> ITU da ddng gOp vao<br /> thanh cdng dang ke cua<br /> Etc.<br /> Hinii 1: Lupc do OneAPI<br /> tmyen thong va Qng dung<br /> Ngudn: GSMA 3rd Party Access Project — OneAPI, https-J/gsma.securespsite.com/access/. di ddng thdng qua vai trd<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> TAP CHI CNTT&TT KY 1 ( 8 . 2 0 0 9 )<br />  VAN OE SLT KIEN<br /> <br /> <br /> cua minh nhu la nguoi quin tri tan so v6 Myen dien nhau va tan dung uu diem cua cac img dung di ddng<br /> toan cau, sin xuit nhung hp tieu chuan IMT-2000 (3G) va dich vu 0 tdc dp ngay cang cao. Tap trung nhieu vao<br /> va tien phong trong eac tieu chuan IMT-Advanced (tren cac tieu chuan cho cac API md va Mong tac se ddng<br /> 3G). Mpt nhan thuc thue bao di dpng quoc te duy nhit gdp vao su thanh cdng cua cac img dung di dpng.<br /> (IMSI] Man thu ITU-T E.212 se duoc luu trong tung the<br /> SIM va dupc su dung de nhan thuc khi ket noi giua cac<br /> Tai lieu t h a m khao<br /> mang di dpng. Nhieu may cam tay da co nhirng trien<br /> 111. /\pple offers 65,000 different apps. Ttie most popular<br /> khai cua cac khuyen nghi ITU-T, vi du, cac bp ma hoa downloads are listed at iittp^/www.apple.conn/itunes/billion-app-<br /> am thanh va gipng noi nhu G.718 hay G.722.2, cac bp countdown/.<br /> <br /> giii ma multimedia cho H.263 va H.264, hoae tuan thu 121. Ovum; "Smartphones: tiie silver lining of ttie declining handset<br /> market." iittpv'/www.ovum.com/news/euronews.asp?id=7923.<br /> cac tieu chuan cam tay trong series cac khuyen nghi<br /> Gartner projects global iiandset sales will fall by 4 per cent in<br /> ITU-T P.300. 2009, see iittp^/www.economist.com/businessfinance/displayStory.<br /> cfm?storyJd=13832338.<br /> Cac cong ty phat trien phan mem dang yeu cau cac<br /> 13]. Gravitytank: "And tfien tiiere were apps." htXpJIwww.<br /> tieu chuan va giao dien thu gpn de nguoi su dung di gravitytank.com/apps/<br /> dang hieu dupc va chap nhan trong cac img dung cua t4]. Wired Magazine: "Tiie Long Tail." httpa'/viww.wired.com/wired/<br /> hp. Trong linh vuc multimedia, khi nang truy cap, archive/12.10/tail.html (October 2004)<br /> <br /> cac giao dien nguoi su dung/truyen thong rinh tay ISl.httpy/developer.apple.com/iptione/progranVsdk/inapppurciiase.<br /> iitml<br /> (hands-free) va tmyen hlnh di dpng la nhimg linh vuc<br /> [6]. AdvertisingAge: "Mobile Marketing: Is 'App-vertising' ttie<br /> can dupc tiep tuc quan tam. Cung Mong tu, su hpp Answer?"<br /> nhat truyen thong va vi tri cung cap cac img dung va [71. tittp://adage.com/digitalnext/post?article_id=136622 (13<br /> dich vu (dua tren vi tri] tiem nang tren cac nhung he May 2009)<br /> <br /> thong dan duong tren 6 to. Cuoi eimg thach thuc tiep 181 /\PC Magazine: "Mobile carriers seek to block Skype on iPtione,<br /> BlackBerry,"http://apcmag.com/mobile-carriers-seek-to-block-skype-<br /> tuc doi vol cac nha khai thac mang di dpng, cac nha<br /> on-iphone-blackberry.htm (6 /\pril 2009)<br /> cung cap dich vu va cac khach hang cua hp de tim ra [9] httpV/www.iphonemodem.com/<br /> cac giii phap xac nhan nguoi su dung, quan ly nhan [101. iPhone OS 3.0, released on 17 June 2009, supports Internet<br /> thuc va bio ve tinh rieng M. Nhimg diem nay can dupc sharing ("tethering") in some countries.<br /> <br /> giai quyet khdng chi M khia canh cong nghe, ma con [111. http://webkit.org/<br /> <br /> theo cac quan diem quin ly va chinh sach, vl cac dieu [121. http://www.khronos.org/opengles/<br /> <br /> luat ngay cang bupc cac nha khai thac di dpng hoan [131 httpV/vwvw.openhandsetal liance.com/(12 June 2009)<br /> [141. 4 See Ovum source<br /> thanh cac chQc nang Mong M nhu cac nha khai thac<br /> 1151.http://www.conti-online.com/generator/www/de/en/<br /> cd dinh.<br /> continental/automotive/themes/passenger_cars/interior/connectivity/<br /> ITU du bao cuoi nam 2007, khoing 85 quoc gia tren autolinq/pi_autolinq^en.html<br /> <br /> toan the gidi khai truang cac mang 3G, va vao cuoi [15] httpj'/www. limofoundation.org/en/current-members/index.<br /> php<br /> nam 2008, da cd gan 335 trieu thue bao bang rpng<br /> [17] httpy/www.omtp.org/<br /> [20]. Cho den nay, viec trien khai bang rpng di dpng<br /> [18] httpsy/gsma.securespslte.com/access/<br /> chu yeu thdng tri d cac nudc phat trien noi ty le tham<br /> [ 191. The vast majority of final mj-T Recommendations are aval lable<br /> nhap dat 14%, so voi chua den 1% d cac nudc dang as PDF free of charge, at httpy/www.itu.int/fTU-T/publications/recs.<br /> phat trien. Trong khi nhQng xu huong nay cho thiy html.<br /> <br /> cac nen kinh te dang phat trien dang nd luc de bit [20] rrU: "Measuring the Information Society - The ICT Development<br /> Index." 2009 Edition, available at httpy/vraw.itu.int/rrU-D/ict/<br /> kip, cac tien bp ve cong nghe dac biet la trong nganh publications/idi/2009/index.html.<br /> di dpng dang cung cap nhQng khi nang mdi va tiem Nguyen Hdng<br /> nang de giup ngay cang co nhieu ngudi lien lac vdi<br /> <br /> <br /> 10 T/^P CHI CNTT&TT KY 1 ( 8 . 2 0 0 9 )<br />