TOPIC 10 – RELATIVE CLAUSE

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Nội dung Text: TOPIC 10 – RELATIVE CLAUSE

TOPIC 10 – RELATIVE CLAUSE A – THEORY I. WHO: thay thế cho người, làm chủ ngữ trong MĐQH. EX: - I need to meet the boy. The boy is my friend's son. —» I need to meet the boy who is my friend's son. II. WHOM: thay thế cho người, làm túc từ trong MĐQH. EX: - I know the girl. You spoke to this girl. —» I know the girl whom you spoke to. *NOTE: (mẹo làm bài) Đứng sau đại từ quan hệ who thường là một động từ, còn sau đại từ quan hệ whom thường là một danh từ làm chủ ngữ của 1 câu III. WHICH: thay thế cho vật, đồ vật. Vừa làm chủ từ, vừa là túc từ trong MĐQH. EX: - She works for a company. It makes cars. —» She works for a company which makes cars. IV. WHERE: thay thế cho nơi chốn: there, at that place,... . Làm chủ từ, túc từ trong MĐQH. EX: - The movie theater is the place. We can see films at that place. —» The movie theater is the place where we can see the films. V. WHOSE: thay thế cho sở hữu của người, vật ( his-, her-, its-, their-, our-, my-, -'s ) EX: - John found the cat. Its leg was broken. —» John found the cat whose leg was broken. VI. THAT: thay thế cho người, vật. Làm chủ từ, túc từ trong MĐQH. EX: - I need to meet the boy that is my friend's son. - She has a car that is made in Japan. *NOTE: ( quan trọng, cần chú ý ) * Không được dùng that trong những trường hợp: + Mệnh đề quan hệ không đã xác định EX: - Mary, ( who / that ) sits next to me, is good at maths. —» Mary, who sits next to me, is good at maths. ( Không được dùng that ) + Sau giới từ:
EX: - The girl to ( whom / that ) I was talking yesterday is my sister. —» The girl to whom I was talking yesterday is my sister. ( Không được dùng that ) * Bắt buộc dùng that trong những trường hợp: + Sau danh từ chỉ cả người lẫn vật: EX: - I saw a lot of people and vehicles that were moving to the market. + Sau những danh từ ở dạng so sánh nhất EX: - Yesterday was one of the hottest days that I have ever known. + Sau những cách nói mở đầu bằng ' It is/was...' EX: - It is the teacher that is important, not the kind of school he teaches in. + Sau 'all, everybody, everything, nothing, nobody,...' EX: - Answer all the questions that I asked. VII. WHY: thay thế cho cụm trạng từ chỉ lí do: for that reason. EX: - Tell me the reason. You are so sad for that reason. —» Tell me the reason why you are so sad. VIII. WHEN: thay thế cho cụm từ chỉ thời gian: then, at that time, on that day.... EX:- Do youremember the day. We fisrt met on that day. —» Do you remember the day when we fisrt met ? *NOTE: ( bổ sung thêm ) - Ta có thể lược bỏ đại từ quan hệ whom, which khi nó là túc từ ( tân ngữ ) trong MĐQH chưa xác định, không được dùng với mệnh đề đã xác định EX: - I know the boy whom you spoke to. —» I know the boy you spoke to. (Mệnh đề tính ngữ đã xác định có dùng dấu phẩy) B – EXERCISE I. Connect two sentences using relative clause: 1. We spent our holiday in Scotland last year. Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. Last year we .................................................................................................... 2. People live in Scotland. They are called Scots. The people ....................................................................................................... 3. We first went to Edinburgh. Edinburgh is the capital of Scotland. We first ...........................................................................................................
4. Arthur Conan Doyle was born in Edinburgh. He wrote the Sherlock Holmes stories. Arthur Conan Doyle ........................................................................................ 5. Then we visited a lake. It is in the Highlands. The lake ........................................................................................................... 6. Loch Ness is 37 km long. People know it for its friendly monster. Loch Ness ........................................................................................................ 7. There we met an old man. He told us that he had seen Nessie. An old man ...................................................................................................... 8. We then traveled to a mountain. The mountain is near the town of Fort William. We then ........................................................................................................... 9. The mountain is the highest mountain in Great Britain. It is called Ben Nevis. The mountain .................................................................................................. 10. I sent you a postcard. It was written on the summit of Ben Nevis. The postcard .................................................................................................... II. Choose the correct relative pronoun (who, which, whose). 1. This is the bank … was robbed yesterday. 2. A boy … sister is in my class was in the bank at that time. 3. The man …. robbed the bank had two pistols. 4. He wore a mask … made him look like Mickey Mouse. 5. He came with a friend … waited outside in the car. 6. The woman … gave him the money was young. 7. The bag … contained the money was yellow. 8. The people … were in the bank were very frightened. 9. A man … mobile was ringing did not know what to do. 10. A woman … daughter was crying tried to calm her. 11. The car … the bank robbers escaped in was orange. 12. The robber … mask was obviously too big didn't drive. 13. The man … drove the car was nervous. 14. He didn't wait at the traffic lights … were red. 15. A police officer … car was parked at the next corner stopped and arrested them. III. Relative clause is necessary or not?
1. A calendar is something which tells you the date. 2. Strikers are soccer players who try to score goals for their team. 3. Jane is a person who everybody likes. 4. A stamp is something which you put on a letter if you want to send it. 5. The Thames is a river which runs through London. 6. Cheese is food which mice like eating. 7. A racket is something which you use to hit a ball when you play tennis or badminton. 8. Socks are things which you wear on your feet. 9. A guide is a person who shows tourists around a place. 10. Love is a feeling which nobody can describe. 11. The book which is on the table belongs to Brandon. 12. The museum which we visited last month is closed now. 13. The man who you saw in the house is my cousin. 14. Bob, who I know very well, is going out with Mary. 15. I cannot forget the song which they played last night. 16. The woman who is talking to Sue is my aunt. 17. I cannot remember the hotel that we stayed at. 18. Lucy, who I haven't seen for ages, rang me last night. 19. A person that you don't trust won't trust you either. 20. My father, whom I helped to install his computer, always forgets his password.