Về hệ thống điều khiển giao thông thông minh - Giải pháp và triển khai

Tiiu ban: Cong nghi thong tin - Tir dong hod - Cong nghi I 'ii tru ISBN: 978-604-913-010-6<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> VE HE THONG DIEU KHIEN GIAO THONG THONG IVHNH -<br /> GIAI PHAP VA TRIEN KHAI<br /> <br /> Pham Hong Quang<br /> Trung tam Tin hpc - Vien KH&CNVN<br /> 18 - Hoang Qudc Viet, Cau Giay, Ha Ndi<br /> Email: phquang@ciid.vast.ac.vn<br /> Tom tat:<br /> Hi thdng diiu khiin giao thdng thdng minh (ITS - Intelligent Transportation<br /> System) Id thdnh phdn khdng thi thiiu vd ddng vgi trd quan trong trong to chirc<br /> giao thdng ciia xd hdi hiin dgi. Tren thi gidi, ITS dd trd thdnh thdnh phdn tieu<br /> chudn qudc ti trong ddu tu cdc du dn xdy dung dudng giao thdng cao tdc, diiu<br /> hdnh mgng ludi gigo thdng. Mgi qudc gig diu dd vd dgng tieu chudn hdg cdc tiiu<br /> chi, yiu cdu ddi hdi vdi he thdng trgng phgm vi qudc gig vd khu vuc. Viet nam Id<br /> mdt nude dang phdt triin, mgi vdn di do qudn ly diiu hdnh giao thdng dd thi vd<br /> qudc Id dang ngdy cdng hiin ro, dnh hudng ndng ni din ddi sdng mdi ngudi ddn<br /> ciing nhu tde do tdng trudng ciig mgi ngdnh kinh ti. Bdo cdo ndy di cap din<br /> nhirng nghiin ciru, gidi phdp vd triin khai cua tdc gid trong ITnh vuc xdy dgng<br /> tieu chudn ITS, thiit ki kiin trite hi thdng vd ldp ddt cdc thdnh phdri cu thi tgi<br /> Trung tdm diiu khiin giao thdng thdnh phd. Ha ndi vd Dirdng cao tdc Hd Ndi -<br /> Ninh Binh.<br /> Abstract:<br /> Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) have received a great deal of attention<br /> in the transportation community as well as in government over the last 10 years.<br /> Internationally, ITS becomes standard component in design and construction of<br /> highway building projects, traffic network managements. Almost of all<br /> governments are on trend of standardization for ITS's architecture and<br /> characterizations. Vietnam, as a developing country, is facing with troubles and<br /> problems in traffic network management. This report is about author's research<br /> results, solutions gnd implements in Vietngmese ITS's standardization, system<br /> architecture design and components installation for Hanoi Traffic Management<br /> Center and Hanoi - Ninhbinh highway.<br /> <br /> I. MO DAU<br /> ITS la chuong trinh qudc gia sir dung cdng nghe thdng tin va truyin thdng (ICT) dl lam<br /> cho vi^e dieu hanh giao thdng dugc thdng minh, an toan va tien lgi hon. Sir dung cdng nghe<br /> mdi ve truyen thdng mang true va giao tiep vd tuyen, cac thilt bi dien tir, may tinh tich hgp<br /> vao ha tang he thdng giao thdng, chuong trinh qudc gia ve dilu hanh giao thdng thdng minh<br /> giai quyet nhirng van de nhu sau:<br /> • Giarn thieu thdi gian tren dudng, dac biet tai cac dilm dimg giao Id, den xanh do,<br /> im tac hoac tai nan tren dudng cao tdc, dudng qudc Id.<br /> • Tu dong thu phi giup cho phuang tien thoat qua cac tram thu phi, giam thilu im tic<br /> va 6 nhiem mdi trudng.<br /> <br /> <br /> 72<br />  Hoi nghi Khoa hoc ky mim 35 ndm I 'iin Khoa hoc vd Cong nghe Viet Nam - Hd Noi 10/2010<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> • He thdng trg giiip hanh trinh cung cip thdng tin thdi gian thuc da phuang thiic ve<br /> dieu kien giao thdng tai cac tuyIn dudng phia trudc cho ngudi dieu khien phuong<br /> tien lira chpn tdi uu, thdng minh hon dudng di den diem dieh dinh trudc.<br /> • He thong thdng tin trong xe thi hien cho ngudi lai ban dd, dudng di ngan nhat, trg<br /> giiip an toan lai xe, thdng bao vi tri cd tai nan, im tac...<br /> • He thdng van chuyin tien tien giup cho cac hang van tai boat ddng hieu qua hon va<br /> trg giiip hanh khach cac thdng tin thdi gian thuc ve chuyen tai de dang \'a thuan<br /> tien.<br /> • Nhieu van de khac trong dieu hanh giao thdng qudc gia...<br /> Cac tien ich ciia ITS dugc de xuat cho ca giao thdng dd thi lan cac dudng lien tinh: trong khi<br /> d cac khu vuc dd thi ITS nham vao giam thieu iin tac thi d cac dudng lien tinh ITS uu tien cho<br /> muc dich an toan nhu bao trudc cac nguy hiem tren dudng phia trudc va giam thieu thdi gian<br /> phan img khan cap ciru hd cim nan.<br /> O Viet nam hien nay tinh trang iin tac tai cac thanh phd Idn da trd nen nghiem trpng va cac tai<br /> nan tren dudng lien tinh, dac biet la cac dudng cao tdc dang trd nen van nan qudc gia. Bd<br /> Giao thdng Van tai, Bd Cdng An, Chinh phii rat quan tam va ludn ludn mudn tim phuang<br /> phap giai quyet, nang cao kha nang dieu hanh giam thieu iin tac va bao dam an toan giao<br /> thdng, nhung nhirng giai phap khdng dua tren nen tang cdng nghe thdng tin va truyen thdng<br /> tien tien, theo tieu chuan ITS qudc te thudng chi la thuoc chiia ngan ban, khdng hieu qua va<br /> theo thdi gian trd nen bat lire ddi vdi bien ddng nhanh chdng cua mat dp, tdc dp phat trien ciia<br /> giao thdng cdng cdng. Tac gia bai bao nay la mdt trong nhiing ngudi dau tien trong nhirng<br /> chuyen gia ve CNTT va truyen thdng, Toan tdi uu dieu khien quan tam den nghien ciiru giai<br /> phap ITS va de xuat vdi Chinh phii, Bd Giao thdng Van Tai ve iing dung cdng nghe mdi ITS<br /> trong ha tang va dieu khien giao thdng qudc gia.<br /> <br /> II. KIEN TRUC H f THONG DIEU HANH GIAO THONG MINH<br /> Viec xay dung he thdng giao thdng thdng minh dugc tap trung vao 4 phan he chinh:<br /> 1. Ha tang truyen thdng bang rdng hien dai bao gdm ca dudng dng cap quang dpc tuyen<br /> dudng giao thdng trong thanh phd va dpc cac dudng cao tdc, thiet bi va cdng nghe<br /> thoai cd day va vd tuyen phuc vu dieu hanh lire lugng hd trg giao thdng tren tuyen va<br /> cac thiet bi giam sat dieu khien ben dudng.<br /> 2. He thdng giam sat dieu khien giao thdng tai hien trudng, bao gdm cac camera quan<br /> sat, tu ddng phan tich tinh hinh giao thdng, canh bao va phat hien tai nan, truyin hinh<br /> ve trung tam dieu hanh, he thdng bang dien tir thdng bao thdng tin giao thdng cho<br /> ngudi dieu khien phuong tien, he thdng bien ban che tdc dp thay ddi dugc theo tinh<br /> trang tam nhin, mat dp giao thdng va dp tron mat dudng.<br /> 3. Trung tam dieu hanli giao thdng, he thdng cac tram xir ly thdng tin quan trie dpc<br /> tuyen.<br /> 4. He thdng thu phi dien tir, khdng dimg va lien tram.<br /> Dua tren tieu chuan qudc te [1], mdt sd dich vu chinh dugc dinh nghTa va se dugc triln khai d<br /> Viet nam trong thdi gian tdi:<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 73<br /> Tieu ban: Cong nghe thong lin - Tir dong hod - Cong nghe I'ii tru ISBN: 978-604-913-010-6<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Miln Nhdm Dich vu tieu chuan Md ta<br /> dich vu dieh vu<br /> 1. 1.1 thdng Thdng tin trudc hanh He thdng Giam sat dilu khiln: Tinh trang<br /> Thong tin trudc trinh - Giao thdng va giao thdng tren tuyIn truy cap qua ban do<br /> tin hanh trinh dudng bd web, cac thdng tin dan xuat<br /> hanh . ,, , ,<br /> 1^^^}^ Thdng tin trudc hanh He thdng thu phi: Quan ly tai khoan tap<br /> trinh - Tuong tac ea nhan trung - Tinh trang tai khoan the thu phi tra<br /> trudc, thanh toan lien ngan hang, tin dung<br /> 1.2 Thdng Thdng tin trong hanh He thdng Giam sat dieu khiln: Bang thdng<br /> tin trong trinh - Ben dudng tin thay ddi dugc, bang han che tdc dp thay<br /> hanh trinh ddi dugc<br /> <br /> 2. 2.1 Quan Theo ddi giao thdng He thdng Giam sat dieu khien: Theo doi<br /> Quan ly va dilu trung tam, tu ddng dem xe, theo ddi tdc dp<br /> ly va khien giao , , , , ,<br /> van thdng E)ieu khien giao thdng He thdng Giam sat dieu khien: Camera<br /> j^^jj^ thdng Id, giao cat tuyen dudng dan, dd xe<br /> ~,^ Xir ly uu tien danh cho He thdng Thu phi dien ttr: the mien phi<br /> loai phuang tien mien cdng nghe RFID vao ra mpi lan MTC -'<br /> phi ETC<br /> <br /> Phd bien thdng tin giao He thdng Giam sat dieu khien: bang thdng<br /> thdng tin thay ddi dugc, thdng tin qua Internet<br /> <br /> 2.2 Quan Theo ddi va khang dinh He thdng Giam sat dieu khien: camera<br /> ly cac vu tai nan theo ddi toan tuyen<br /> viec lien<br /> quan tdi Hd trg ngudi lai xe tai He thdng Giam sat dieu khien:<br /> giao thdng hien trudng tai nan bien bao dien thoai khan cap<br /> <br /> Phdi hgp su kien va giai He thdng thdng tin: Trung tam dieu hanh,<br /> tda tai nan mang thoai , thdng tin vd tuyen phii sdng<br /> toan tuyen<br /> <br /> Theo ddi va quan ly vat He thdng thu phi: the RFID cdng nghe<br /> lieu nguy hiem () AVI/AEI<br /> He thdng Giam sat dieu khien: theo ddi, dd<br /> xe, bien sd tai cac doan dudng<br /> <br /> 2.3 Quan Danh gia giao thdng He thdng Giam sat dilu khiln: Tu ddng<br /> ly nhu cau dudng bd linh hoat xac dinh luu lugng xe tren cac mat doan<br /> dudng bang he thdng camera dd phuang<br /> tien, mat eat/1 Km<br /> <br /> Quan ly truy cap He thdng Giam sat dieu khien: Thdng ke<br /> luu lugng vao ra timg doan dudng<br /> <br /> <br /> 74<br />  Hoi nghi Khoa hoc ky niim 35 . 'iin Khoa hoc vd Cong nghi Viet Nam - Hd Noi 10/2010<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Quan ly lan dudng mat He thdng Giam sat dieu khien: Theo ddi<br /> dp cao dem xe tren timg lan dudng<br /> <br /> 2.4 Quan Quan ly bao dudng va He thdng Giam sat dieu khien: Quan ly<br /> ly bao xay dung dudng bp tinh trang thiet bi true tuyen<br /> dudng ha<br /> tang van<br /> tai<br /> <br /> 2.5 Kiem Kiem soat truy nhap: He thdng thu phi: Phan loai xe, can tai<br /> soat/ thuc trpng<br /> thi Quy H^ thdng Giam sat dieu khien: dd xe,<br /> tac giao kiem soat bien sd/the dudng toan tuyIn<br /> thdng<br /> Thuc thi quy tac do xe: He thdng Giam sat dieu khien: camera phu<br /> sdng toan tuyen<br /> <br /> Thuc thi gidi ban tdc dp He thdng Giam sat dieu khien: Biln gidi<br /> ban tdc dp thay ddi dugc, camera dd xe<br /> tinh toan tdc dp trung binh ciia xe trong<br /> timg doan dudng<br /> 7. 7.1 Giao Thanh toan cude van tai He thdng thu phi: Lan MTC sir dung the<br /> Thanh dich tai dien tir dien tir vdi cac tai khoan tra trudc, tra qua<br /> toan chinh dien ngan hang, tin dung<br /> dien tir tir lien<br /> lien quan tdi Thu cude phi dien tir He thdng thu phi: Lan ETC phdi hgp<br /> quan Van tai chuan the vdi MTC, luu thdng khep kin<br /> tdi Van<br /> tai Dich vu thanh toan cude He thdng thu phi: Sir dung md hinh quan<br /> ngudi sir dung dudng bd ly tai khoan trung tam, ho trg de dang cac<br /> dua tren quang dudng dich vu the cao, thu phi qua dai ly kinh<br /> dien tir doanh<br /> 8. An 8.1 An Giam sat Van tai cdng H? thdng Giam sat dilu khiln: Quan ly<br /> toan ca toan giao cong biln sd trong tuyIn kit hgp CSDL biln so<br /> nhan thdng xe van tai cdng cdng.<br /> lien cdng cdng<br /> quan<br /> tdi van 8.2 Tang He thdng theo ddi Hp thdng Giam sat dilu khiln: quan ly<br /> tai cudng an phuong tien dac biet bien sd phuong tien trong tuyIn<br /> dudng toan cho<br /> bd ngudi sir<br /> dung<br /> dudng bd<br /> cd nguy ea<br /> cao<br /> <br /> 9. Theo 9.1 Theo Theo ddi thdng tin thdi He thdng Giam sat dilu khiln:<br /> doi ddi thdi tiet dudng bd Tram thu thdng tin thai tilt<br /> <br /> <br /> 75<br /> Tiiu ban: Cong nghe thong tin - Tir dong hod - Cong nghe I ii tru ISBN: 978-604-913-010-6<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> thdi tiet<br /> tiet va<br /> dieu<br /> kien<br /> moi<br /> trudng<br /> <br /> 11. An 11.1 Theo Theo ddi phuong tien He thdng Giam sat dieu khien: dd xe<br /> ninh ddi va chuyen trd vat lieu ddc quan ly bien sd timg chang dudng<br /> quoc dieu khien hai va de chay nd<br /> gia phuong<br /> tien kha Quan ly giao thdng He thdng Giam sat dieu khien: dd xe<br /> nghi dudng bd quan ly bien sd tirng chang dudng<br /> <br /> Xac dinh phuong tien He thdng Giam sat dieu khien: dd xe<br /> kha nghi quan ly bien sd timg chang dudng<br /> <br /> 12. 12.1 Dang Dang ky cac khai niem He thdng thu phi: ma hda bao mat phan<br /> Quan ky dii lieu dii lieu ITS va cac thii tue phdi khda quan ly tai khoan thu phi dien<br /> tri dir con de tai sir dung va tir qudc gia<br /> lieu boat ddng tuong tac<br /> ITS<br /> 12.3 Cac Dang ky cac thdng diep He thdng thdng tin: Giao tiep tdng dai<br /> thdng diep khan cap, bat ngudn tir trung tam dieu hanh va dieh vu bien<br /> khan cap phuong tien va tir ngudi dien, mang thoai di ddng<br /> dimg he thdng van tai<br /> thdng qua eae thiet bi<br /> cam tay hoac thiet bi<br /> khac, de cung cap dir lieu<br /> cd y nghTa de hd trg nha<br /> cung cap phii hgp vdi<br /> dieu kien khan cap.<br /> <br /> 12.4 Dir Dang ky khai niem dii He thdng Giam sat dieu khien: Chia se<br /> lieu trung lieu cd the dugc trao ddi thdng tin hinh anh, thdng ke giam sat<br /> tam dieu giiia cac trung tam dieu giao thdng, tai khoang khach hang tren<br /> khien khien ca sd WEB service<br /> <br /> 12.5 Thuc Luu trii va trao ddi dii He thdng thu phi: Ca che giao tilp<br /> thi lieu danh cho thuc thi thu phi va phu thu vi pham quy dinh<br /> luat phap an toan giao thdng ciia nha nude,<br /> chia se sd lieu vdi cac ca quan hiin<br /> quan<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 76<br />  Hoi nghi Khoa hoc ky niem 35 ndm I 'iin Khoa hoc vd Cong nghi Viet Nam - HdNdi 10/2010<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> HI. CAC KET QUA NGHIEN ClTU VA TRIEN KHAI<br /> Viec nghien cim va trien khai img dung<br /> cdng nghe thdng tin va truyen thdng<br /> trong dieu hanh giao thdng thdng minh<br /> tai Viet nam da dugc tac gia bao cao \'a<br /> cac ddng sir quan tam va tap trung trong<br /> thdi gian hon 10 nam qua. Ndng cdt va<br /> chii dao ve dinh hudng cdng nghe.<br /> nghien cim ca ban deu do cac can bd<br /> Trung tam Tin hpc - Vien Khoa hpc va<br /> Cong nghe Viet nam dam nhiem. Dudi<br /> day la mdt sd san pham tieu bieu.<br /> <br /> <br /> 1. Nghien ciiu va san pham tinh toan nhiing, cam bien dien tu tich hgp trong ha tang<br /> dieu khien giao thong va phuo'ng tien<br /> Khai dau sir ldi cudn vao nghien cim va trien khai ap dung ICT trong giao thdng la cdng trinh<br /> thiet ke va lap dat he thdng eanh bao ty dong dudng ngang dudng sat, vdi sang tao ap dung<br /> cam bien dia chan do rung ddng ciia long dat de phat hien tau hda den gan dudng ngang giao<br /> cat vdi dudng bd va viec lap trinh. thiet ke may tinh nhiing xir ly tin hieu, dieu khien thiet bi<br /> canh bao tu ddng tir nam 1999. Trudc da>, Bd Giao thdng van tai va Tdng Cdng ty dudng sat<br /> Viet nam nhap ngoai hoan toan thiet bi ciia he thdng nay vdi gia thanh khoang 200 trieu VND<br /> (nam 2000) mdt dudng ngang tir CHLB Dire vdi cdng nghe cam bien tir thdng xir ly dieu<br /> khien bang may tinh PLC ciia hang Siemens. Hon 200 dudng ngang dugc lap dat thiet bi nay<br /> da bi dd bd, gan nhu khdng dugc dua \'ao sir dung vi dp chinh xac, tin cay qua thap (bao diing<br /> khoang 65%) lugt tau vao dudng ngang), khong bao dam an toan.<br /> Thiet ke "He thdng canh bao tu ddng dudng ngang cam bien dia chan va may tinh nhiing" da<br /> dugc phe duyet thanh tieu chuan nganh, dugc lap dat va boat ddng tren toan tuyen dudng sat<br /> Viet nam, PhndmPenh (Campuchia) trong 10 nam qua. Khoang gan mot nghin dudng ngang<br /> trong tdng sd 4000 dudng ngang da dugc lap dat canh bao tu ddng, gdp phan giam thieu dang<br /> ke con sd tai nan, thiet hai ve ngudi va ciia. Cdng trinh da dugc tang thudng giai Cup vang<br /> cho irng dung cdng nghe thdng tin va truyen thdng tdt nhat trong cdng nghiep tai khu vuc<br /> Chau A Thai Binh Duang (2003).<br /> Til dieu khien va den giao thdng tai cac nga tu dudng phd Ha ndi dang dugc dan dan thay the<br /> tir thiet bi nhap ngoai ciia Phap, Uc sang tii dieu khien va phan mem nhiing do Viet nam thiet<br /> ke. timg budc dat ca sd cho viec xay dimg he thdng dieu hanh giao thdng thdng minh thanh<br /> phd vdi cac hieu img lan sdng xanh. thay ddi chu ky den theo luu lugng ddng chay giao<br /> thong... Cdng nghe tinh toan nhiing \'a dieu khien tu ddng ciing dugc trien khai tai cac tram<br /> thu phi the he mdi d Cau Trung Ha. Km 58 dudng 18 vdi thiet ke ddng bd tir dong dieu khien,<br /> xir ly hinh anh nhan dang bien so. trung tam tich hgp dii lieu tram thu phi va cac phan mem<br /> xay dimg tren nen tang ma ngudn md Linux. He thdng thilt bi va cdng nghe thu phi dien tir<br /> tuong ty tren dudng cao tdc Cau Gie Ninh Binh dugc cdng ty Raytheon (My) chao gia 18<br /> trieu USD (Raytheon - My).<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 77<br /> Tieu ban: Cong nghi thong tin - Tir dong hod - Cong nghi Vii tru ISBN: 978-604-913-010-6<br /> <br /> <br /> THitT Bl TAI TRUNG JAM THU PHI<br /> <br /> <br /> THIET B| TAI TRUNG TAM GIAM SAT DIEU KHlfeN<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> i)<br /> ..[^<br /> H% THbNG QUAN LY, G I A H S A T TRl^C TUY^N<br /> \A$C BAO TRi/BAO DI/ONO &i<br /> t«wlwouMiA?T»u«i*« iciMiMQ[«u.auUiifM<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> G ^^31<br /> CositiliSli.<br /> Taifig tSm Ihu phi<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> H l l ^ n g l t e i g l i n ITS<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> *—' THIET Bl TAI TRAM THU PHI<br /> <br /> C«c g li^u<br /> giao thong Tf^ng thai the/<br /> chirc nSng »-,<br /> Phuvng !ien<br /> I UPS I trong do^n dudng<br /> He thong giam sat Hoa hoan, sy '"BS'cSm'tiien'"<br /> ij6nq h6 mang dien luc c6 i thdi tiet<br /> -VLSJ<br /> <br /> H? thdng VHF/UhF<br /> l j thong thong t i n ITS „,.,^,,.,„.;,.<br /> didgng ky thuat s6<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ftNkt)|tffmthupW<br /> <br /> Chuyen mach ldp bien d tr^m thu phi i-y-^<br /> n<br /> May tinh ghi hmh va phSn phoi<br /> THIET B| TAI TRAM THU PHl , " ' * »"' 9»" < .^/T \ /<br /> ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H<br /> . •<br /> <br /> <br /> i^fc^ lA^<br /> \ / ! l i j j T ^ l Z l v 4r'V\i/l^-^v<br /> - . j r - i ¥ 1 ft-fp- ^^^^^^^^^^Hl<br /> •<br /> i/'A<br /> i ^ ^1/<br /> •*C< •j*:-- •J i \ / i tJI i \ / •;,- ji / ^ \ ! \!\ ^^^^^^^^^^^^H<br /> -/sI j S ^ ' l "i<br /> ^^^^^^^^^^^^H<br /> J1 * ^ S . - > . : •' T'^^f" * * » * • ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^Hl<br /> ': *.".''. ' » JJ ^^^^^^^^^^^^Bl<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 3. He thong thu phi, tieu chuSn quoc gia ve ma hoa bao mat, quan ly khoa trong thanh<br /> toan dien tu giao thong<br /> Thanh toan phi c4u dudng, ben do, cac dieh vy cdng cdng cho phuang tien bang cdng cy ty<br /> ddng, dien tir la mdt thanh phan rat quan trpng ciia He thdng giao thdng thdng minh bao dam<br /> dich vy nhanh chngs, chinh xac va thuan tien cho cac ddi tugng tham gia giao thdng. Trudc day.<br /> Bd Giao thdng Van tai Viet nam trdng chd vao eae nha thau nude ngoai de xuat cac giai phap<br /> va ban vao Viet nam thiet bi, quy trinh giai quyet van de nay. Du an ODA eiia Nhat Ban xay<br /> dung tieu chuan ITS trong dd cd cac van de ve thu phi dien tir (ETC - electronic tollfee<br /> collection) tri gia tien trieu USD da nhieu nam tien hanh nhung khdng cd ket qua. Doanh<br /> nghiep cua mdi nude vao Viet nam deu cd nhung toan tinh rieng ve su khdng chuan hda, dinh<br /> hudng vao cong nghe cii, lac hau, khdng toan cyc (tam nhin qudc gia) de cd the kiem lgi lau dai<br /> d thi trudng mdi bat dau phat trien. Mpi qudc gia dang phat trien (Thai Lan, Brazil, Menico, Chi<br /> Le...) deu di theo con dudng ty lap trong tieu chuan hda cac van de quan trong nhu quan ly tap<br /> trung, ma hda bao mat va giao thire thanh toan dien tu trong giao thdng. Nhung nghien cuu va<br /> san pham ciia chiing tdi la ddng gdp di dau ciia Viet nam trong linh 'vuc nay.<br /> De xuat bdi nhiing chuyen gia dau nganh Viet nam ve ma hda bao mat thude Trung tam<br /> Thdng tin Vien KH&CNVN, mdt md hinh luge do quan ly chia khda da cap tap trung va thii<br /> tue xac thyc cac ddi tugng tham gia bd may thu phi thanh toan dien tir trong giao thdng quoc<br /> gia dugc xay dyng theo tieu chuan tien tien nhat cua qudc te.<br /> 3. Tieu chuan quoc gia trong giao tiep song ngan dac dung tam gan giiia thiet bi tren xe<br /> va thiet bi ben dud'ng r^^'-^^^ii^is^<br /> Thanh toan phi giao thdng, quan ly bien sd xe dien *'"<br /> tir la nhiing cdng nghe dang dugc ap dyng ngay cang<br /> nhieu tren the gidi. dang lam thay ddi bd mat giao<br /> thdng hien dai. Cd nhiing cdng nghe rat tien tiln so vdi<br /> nude ta. la nen tang tieu chuan phd dung d cac nude<br /> phat trien nhu Chau Au, Nhat Ban, dang dua vao tieu<br /> chuan Trung Quoc trong nhimg nam gan day. nhung WhciM<br /> da trd thanh lac hau va khdng nen ap dyng cho cac "myisim<br /> nude edn "trong trang" - chua sir dyng nd. Cd cdng<br /> nghe mdi xuat hien trong mot hai nam gan day, nhung dugc My, cac nude mdi bat d4u xay<br /> dung tieu chuan ITS tren nIn khdng cd gi nhu Viet Nam lua chpn sir dyng vi vugt trdi vl cdng<br /> <br /> <br /> 80<br />  Hoi nghi Khoa hoc ky- niim 35 ndm \ 'tin Khoa hoc vd Cong nghi Viet Nam - Hd Noi 10'2010<br /> <br /> <br /> nghe. hgp ly \ e qu\' trinh \'a re ban nhieu trong trien khai. Cac cdng ty nude ngoai \'ao Viet<br /> ludn cd xu hudng chuyen giao "dd cii" \'a dat tien. khong cung cap cho chiing ta san pham mdi<br /> nhat va re hon. Vdi nhung nghien cuu \'a thir nghiem, danh gia cdng nghe hien dai. chung toi<br /> dang de xuk cho Bd Giao thdng Van tai Viet nam cong nghe AVI/AEI 856-866MHz theo tieu<br /> chuan [2] thay vi cdng nghe DSRC 5.8GHz phd dyng hien nay tren thi gidi.<br /> SO DO QUAN LY<br /> CAP PHAT&LUU TRU KHOA GIAO DICH THU<br /> PHi DIEN TU QUAN LY TAP TRUNG<br /> BQ GIAO THONG VAN TAI<br /> (HOAC CO QUAN DUOC OV QUYEN)<br /> <br /> GHI CHU 1: GHI CHU 3:<br /> MEAcK: Chia khoa chu EAcK: Chia kl:6a dan xuat<br /> truy cap bp phan MEAcK truy cap bp phan<br /> MEAuKI: Chia khoa EAuKI: Chia khoa din<br /> chii xac thirc tucmg hop xuat xac thuc tuong hop<br /> MEAuKC: Chia khoa MEAuKI EAuKC: Chia khoa dan<br /> chii xac thuc trung tam xuat xac thuc trung tam<br /> MEAuKA: Chia khoa EAuKA: Chia khoa din<br /> chu xac thuc hop d6ng xuat xac thirc hop dong<br /> MReAuK: Chia khoa MEAuKC<br /> chu xac thuc bien lai<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> NHA THAU THU VHI)<br /> NHA THAU THU<br /> KIEM PHAT HANHADBI OBU<br /> PHI<br /> <br /> <br /> EAcK<br /> MEAcK<br /> <br /> EAuKI<br /> MEAuKI<br /> <br /> EAuKC<br /> MReAuK<br /> <br /> EAuKA<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> GHI CHU 2:<br /> Tir Chia khoa chii tinh ra Chia khoa ddn xudt dua tren thong tin luu tril tren OBU, theo quy trinh mat ma<br /> trinh bay trong tai lieu.<br /> <br /> TAI LIEU THAM KHAO<br /> 1. ISO 14813-1.2007 - He thdng giao thdng thdng minh - Cac kiln tnic md hinh tham<br /> khao danh cho ITnh NTJC ITS<br /> 2. ISO/IEC 18000-6:2004 - Cdng nghe thdng tin - Dinh danh vd tuyIn danh cho dilu<br /> hanh \'at dyng<br /> <br /> <br /> 81<br />