Energy loss

This research aims to address these research gaps. Through the literature review, the most popular building PV applications in China are identified. Hence, five building PV scenarios are developed based on real-word cases, including BAPV, roof BIPV and window BIPV. Given the diverse geographic conditions and policy conditions in China, 12 typical cities are selected for the research. A MATLAB program is established to calculate energy generation and evaluate the economic performance of the building PV applications in the 12 cities.

186p runthenight04 02-02-2023 8 4   Download

In this study, we provide a greatly improved precision of estimations using the LISE code by evaluating the energy loss straggling of the alpha particles at 5.486 MeV in Tb, Ta, and Au materials. After comparing with the observables, it was found that the ratio of the energy loss straggling computed by the LISE code to that measured in experiments has a fairly large range of 1.5 - 3.0.

6p larachdumlanat127 02-01-2021 9 1   Download

The elastic constants and various optical properties of MnIn2S4 including the dielectric constant, absorption coefficient, electron energy loss function and reflectivity were calculated as a function of incident photon energy. Those results are discussed in this study and compared with available experimental results.

9p tamynhan8 04-11-2020 15 3   Download

To provide high shunt impendence with low power losses, an 81.25 MHz continuous wave (CW) radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) accelerator has been designed and machined as parts of the Low Energy Accelerator Facility (LEAF). In this paper, the mechanical structure and the main processing technology of the RFQ cavities are described according to the physical and geometric parameters requirements of the RFQ. The fabrication of the RFQ has been completed and the test results agree well with the design requirements.

5p minhxaminhyeu3 12-06-2019 12 0   Download

Keeping poultry makes a substantial contribution to household food security throughout the developing world. It helps diversify incomes and provides quality food, energy, fertilizer and a renewable asset in over 80 percent of rural households. Small-scale producers are however constrained by poor access to markets, goods and services; they have weak institutions and lack skills, knowledge and appropriate technologies. The result is that both production and productivity remain well below potential and losses and wastage can be high.

60p conduongdinhmenh 07-05-2013 81 3   Download

Concept: Generators convert mechanical energy to electric energy. Motors convert electric energy to mechanical energy. The construction of motors and generators are similar. Every generator can operate as a motor and vice versa. The energy or power balance is : Generator: Mechanical power = electric power + losses Motor: Electric Power = Mechanical Power + losses.

77p buisontdtq 04-10-2012 63 9   Download

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học quốc tế cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: " Nonequilibrium thermodynamics and energy efficiency in weight loss diets

13p toshiba17 28-10-2011 47 3   Download

Abnormalities of the Glycolytic Pathway (Fig. 101-1) Since red cells, in the course of their differentiation, have sacrificed not only their nucleus and their ribosomes but also their mitochondria, they rely exclusively on the anaerobic portion of the glycolytic pathway for producing energy in the form of ATP. Most of the ATP is required by the red cell for cation transport against a concentration gradient across the membrane. If this fails, due to a defect of any of the enzymes of the glycolytic pathway, the result will be hemolytic disease.

6p thanhongan 07-12-2010 88 4   Download

Figure 101-1 RBC metabolism. The Embden-Meyerhof pathway (glycolysis) generates ATP for energy and membrane maintenance. The generation of NADPH maintains hemoglobin in a reduced state. The hexose monophosphate shunt generates NADPH that is used to reduce glutathione, which protects the red cell against oxidant stress. Regulation of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate levels is a critical determinant of oxygen affinity of hemoglobin.

5p thanhongan 07-12-2010 95 4   Download

Lifestyle Management Obesity care involves attention to three essential elements of lifestyle: dietary habits, physical activity, and behavior modification. Because obesity is fundamentally a disease of energy imbalance, all patients must learn how and when energy is consumed (diet), how and when energy is expended (physical activity), and how to incorporate this information into their daily life (behavior therapy). Lifestyle management has been shown to result in a modest (typically 3– 5 kg) weight loss compared to no treatment or usual care.

5p konheokonmummim 03-12-2010 83 6   Download

The average total daily energy expenditure is higher in obese than lean individuals when measured at stable weight. However, energy expenditure falls as weight is lost, due in part to loss of lean body mass and to decreased sympathetic nerve activity. When reduced to near-normal weight and maintained there for a while, (some) obese individuals have lower energy expenditure than (some) lean individuals. There is also a tendency for those who will develop obesity as infants or children to have lower resting energy expenditure rates than those who remain lean.

5p konheokonmummim 03-12-2010 85 2   Download

Protein Catabolism The rate of endogenous protein breakdown (catabolism) to supply energy needs normally falls during uncomplicated energy deprivation. After about 10 days of total starvation, the unstressed individual loses about 12–18 g/d protein (equivalent to approximately 2 oz of muscle tissue or 2–3 g of nitrogen). By contrast, in injury and sepsis, protein breakdown accelerates in proportion to the degree of stress, to 30–60 g/d after elective surgery, 60–90 g/d with infection, 100–130 g/d with severe sepsis or skeletal trauma, and 175 g/d with major burns or head injuries.

5p konheokonmummim 03-12-2010 78 4   Download

Physiologic Factors Growth, strenuous physical activity, pregnancy, and lactation increase needs for energy and several essential nutrients, including water. Energy needs rise during pregnancy, due to the demands of fetal growth, and during lactation, because of the increased energy required for milk production. Energy needs decrease with loss of lean body mass, the major determinant of REE. Because both health and physical activity tend to decline with age, energy needs in older persons, especially those over 70, tend to be less than those of younger persons.

5p konheokonmummim 03-12-2010 72 3   Download

Water For adults, 1.0–1.5 mL water per kcal of energy expenditure is sufficient under usual conditions to allow for normal variations in physical activity, sweating, and solute load of the diet. Water losses include 50–100 mL/d in the feces, 500–1000 mL/d by evaporation or exhalation, and, depending on the renal solute load, ≥1000 mL/d in the urine. If external losses increase, intakes must increase accordingly to avoid underhydration. Fever increases water losses by approximately 200 mL/d per °C; diarrheal losses vary but may be as great as 5 L/d with severe diarrhea.

8p konheokonmummim 03-12-2010 76 4   Download

Harrison's Internal Medicine Chapter 41. Weight Loss Weight Loss: Introduction Significant unintentional weight loss in a previously healthy individual is often a harbinger of underlying systemic disease. During the routine medical examination, changes in weight should always be assessed; loss of 5% of body weight over 6–12 months should prompt further evaluation. Physiology of Weight Regulation The normal individual maintains body weight at a remarkably stable "set point," given the wide variation in daily caloric intake and level of activity.

5p ongxaemnumber1 29-11-2010 60 3   Download

Energy balance and pathophysiology of weight loss. Food intake may be influenced by a wide variety of visual, olfactory, and gustatory stimuli as well as by genetic, psychological, and social factors. Absorption may be impaired because of pancreatic insufficiency, cholestasis, celiac sprue, intestinal tumors, radiation injury, inflammatory bowel disease, infection, or medication effect. These disease processes may be manifest as changes in stool frequency and consistency. Calories may also be lost due to vomiting or diarrhea, glucosuria in diabetes mellitus, or fistulous drainage.

6p ongxaemnumber1 29-11-2010 70 3   Download

In the event that the hearing aid provides inadequate rehabilitation, cochlear implants may be appropriate. Criteria for implantation include severe to profound hearing loss with word recognition score ≤30% under best aided conditions. Worldwide, 20,000 deaf individuals (including 4000 children) have received cochlear implants. Cochlear implants are neural prostheses that convert sound energy to electrical energy and can be used to stimulate the auditory division of the eighth nerve directly.

6p ongxaemnumber1 29-11-2010 86 6   Download

Table 15-7 Preventive Treatments in Migrainea Drug Dose Selected Side Effects Pizotifenb mg qd 0.5–2 Weight gain Drowsiness Beta blocker Propranolol 40–120 mg bid Reduced energy Tiredness Postural symptoms Contraindicated in asthma Tricyclics Amitriptyline 10–75 mg at night Drowsiness Dothiepin 25–75 mg at night Nortriptyline 25–75 mg at night Note: Some patients may only need a total dose of 10 mg, although generally 1–1.

6p ongxaemnumber1 26-11-2010 115 2   Download