Giải pháp chủ yếu nhằm phát triển kinh tế trang trại ở vùng ven biển thành phố Yên Bái - Tỉnh Yên Bái

Ngo Xuan Hoang<br /> <br /> Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE<br /> <br /> 75(13): 9- 18<br /> <br /> GIAI PHAP CHU YEU N H A M PHAT TRIEN KENH TE TRANG TRAI O VUNG YEN<br /> THANH PHO YEN BAI - TINH YEN BAI<br /> <br /> Ngo Xuan Hoang'<br /> Truang Cao dang Kinh te Ky thuat - Dai hoc Thai Nguyen<br /> <br /> TOM TAT<br /> Viing ven Thanh pho Yen Bai co 3 loai hinh trang trai chu yeu: Trang trai thuan nong (TN), trang<br /> trai nong lam ket hop (NLKH) va trang trai nong lam djch vu (NLDV). Dien tich binh quan I<br /> trang trai a cac xa viing ven la 5,47 ha. nho hon dien tich trang trai a cac huyen khac trong tinh.<br /> Trang trai thuan nong co dien tich nho nhat khoang 1,08 ha/TT, dien tich trang trai nong lam dich<br /> vu CO dien tich Ion thir 2 khoang 4,75 ha va dien tich trang trai nong lam ket hop co qui mo la Ion<br /> nhat dat toi 7,1 ha/TT. De tiep tuc phat trien trang trai tren dia ban, Thanh pho can giai quyet mot<br /> each dong bo cac giai phap ve dat dai, giai phap ve von cho trang trai; giai phap ve khoa hoc va<br /> cong nghe cho trang trai; giai phap ve phat trien co so ha tang nong thon; tang cuong cong tac quan<br /> ly ciia dia phuong doi voi trang trai; giai phap ve thi tmong tieu thu nong san; giai phap phat trien<br /> nguon nhan luc cho cac trang trai va cac giai phap ho trg phoi hop cho kinh te trang trai phat trien.<br /> Til' khoa: giai phap, phat trien, trang trai. Yen Bai.<br /> DAT VAN DE<br /> Thanh pho Yen Bai true thupc tinh Yen Bai,<br /> duoc thanh lap nam 2000 theo dja giai hanh<br /> chinh ciia thj xa Yen Bai. Dien tich cua thanh<br /> pho la 58.20 km2, dan so 74.598 nguoi voi<br /> mat dp dan so khoang 1.286 ngiidi/km2.<br /> Viing ven thanh pho Yen Bai vai dien tich<br /> 3.708,4 ha trong do dien tich dat nong nghiep<br /> chiem 33,5%, dat lam nghiep chiem 43% con<br /> lai la cac loai dat khac. Dan so chu yeu song<br /> bang nghe nong, chiem khoang 82%o tong so<br /> ho san xuat nong nghiep ciia thanh pho nhieu mo hinh trang trai duoc hinh thanh,<br /> phat trien a day va buac dau da dem lai<br /> nhung ket qua dang ke doi voi viec nang cao<br /> doi song nguoi dan dja phuong. Tuy nhien,<br /> qua tim hieu cho thay, viec phat trien kinh te<br /> trang trai o viing ven van con nhung han che<br /> nhat djnh ve nhan thiic ciia nguoi dan, chinh<br /> sach ciia Nha nuoc, thj truang tieu thu, co cau<br /> san xuat cua trang trai... Dieu nay anh huong<br /> Ion den ket qua va hieu qua san xuat ciia trang<br /> trai. Xuat phat tu thuc te tren chiing toi da tien<br /> hanh nghien ciiu chuyen de "Giai phap chit<br /> yeu nhdm phdt trien kinh te trang trai a vung<br /> • Tel: 0912 140868<br /> <br /> ven thanh pho Yen Bdi- tinh Yen Bdi" nham<br /> muc dich tim ra nhung giai phap mang tinh<br /> kha thi de thuc day phat trien kinh te trang trai<br /> a cac xa vimg ven ciia thanh pho Yen Bai<br /> trong nhung nam toi.<br /> PHUONG PHAP VA N O I DUNG<br /> NGHIEN CU'U<br /> Phu'O'ng phap nghien ciru<br /> De tien hanh nghien cuu chiing toi da chpn 4<br /> xa va dieu tra 50 trang trai dii tieu chuan theo<br /> qui djnh mai. Trong qua trinh thu thap so lieu<br /> chiing toi da sir dung cac phuong phap dieu<br /> tra true tiep qua chiing tir so sach, phuong<br /> phap chuyen khao, phuong phap danh gia<br /> nhanh nong thon (RRA), phuong phap danh<br /> gia nhanh nong thon c6 su tham gia cua nguoi<br /> dan (PRA), phuong phap phong van va<br /> phuong phap quan sat thuc te. So lieu duoc<br /> kiem tra xir ly, tinh toan nham danh gia hieu<br /> qua kinh te - xa hoi cho cac mo hinh kinh te<br /> trang trai a dja phuong. Cac phuong phap<br /> phan tich thong ke kinh te, phuong phap<br /> chuyen gia va chuyen khao dupe dung trong<br /> qua trinh nghien ciiu chuyen de. Thai gian<br /> nghien cuu chuyen de duoc tien hanh tu nam<br /> 2008 va kk thiic nam 2009.<br /> 9<br /> <br /> 75(13): 9 - 18<br /> <br /> Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE<br /> <br /> Nsio Xuan Hoang<br /> <br /> * Noi dung nghien ciiu: Danh gia thuc trang<br /> phat trien kinh te trang trai a vung ven thj xa<br /> Yen Bai, tim ra cac nhan to anh huong den su<br /> phat trien kinh te trang trai; De xuat giai phap<br /> chu yeu nham tao dieu kien cho cac xa vimg<br /> ven phat trien kinh te trang trai mot each<br /> vung chac va ben vung. gop phan nang cao<br /> doi song xoa doi giam ngheo thay doi bp mat<br /> xa hoi nong thon a cac xa viing ven.<br /> KET QUA NGHIEN CUU<br /> Dae diem ciia trang trai 6' cac xa vung ven.<br /> * Dal dai. Dat dai la yeu to quan trpng nhat<br /> doi voi cac trang trai a nuoc ta noi chung va o<br /> Yen Bai noi rieng. nhin cluing dat dai ciia<br /> trang trai o cac xa viing ven khong Ion so<br /> voi trang trai a cac huyen khac trong tinh.<br /> Qua so lieu dieu tra dien tich ciia cac trang<br /> trai vung ven trong bang 1 cho thay: Dien<br /> tich binh quan 1 trang trai a cac xa vung ven<br /> la 5,47 ha nho hon dien tich trang trai a cac<br /> huyen khac trong tinh. Trang trai thuan nong<br /> CO dien tich nho nhat khoang 1,08 ha/TT,<br /> dien tich trang trai nong lam djch vu co dien<br /> tich Ion thir 2 khoang 4.75 ha va dien tich<br /> trang trai nong lam ket hop co qui mo la Ian<br /> nhat dat toi 7,1 ha/TT.<br /> Trang trai co dien tich tir 2 den 5 ha chiem ty<br /> trpng Ion nhat (43,7%)) trong tong so trang trai<br /> dieu tra, trong do chii yeu la trang trai nong<br /> lam ket hop va nong lam djch vu. Trang trai<br /> CO dien tich tir 5 den 10 ha co ty trpng dirng<br /> thirc 2 (21,9%) trong do chii yeu la trang trai<br /> nong lam dich vu. Trong trang trai thuan<br /> <br /> nong. nong ho chii yeu san xuat trong trpt va<br /> chan nuoi voi trinh dp tham canh chua cao,<br /> qui mo dien tich nho. Trang trai nong lam k^t<br /> hpp, cac ho da sii dung tong hop cac loai dat<br /> xay dung nhieu mo hinh san xuat khac nhau<br /> voi qui mo dau tu Ion va khoi lupng san<br /> pham dem lai ciing rSt dang ke cho cac chii<br /> trang trai<br /> * Lao dong. Lao dong ciing voi dat dai la hai<br /> yeu to khong th6 thieu giiip cho trang trai ton<br /> tai va phat tri^n. Cac chu trang trai a viing<br /> ven thanh pho Yen Bai co tuoi trung binh cao.<br /> CO nhi^u kinh nghiem trong cupc song, da qua<br /> thuc te san xu4t kinh doanh. phan Ion da qua<br /> dao tao. Nhin chung, luc lupng lao dong trong<br /> cac ti-ang trai chi dap irng dupe khoang 60%<br /> nhu cau cho san xuat con lai phai thue ngoai.<br /> Qui mo lao dong a cac loai hinh trang trai<br /> cung CO miic dp khac nhau, so lao dong binh<br /> quan/TT nong lam ket hop Ion nhat vao<br /> khoang 3,56 lao dong, a mo hinh trang trai<br /> thuan nong 3 lao dong, trang trai nong lam<br /> djch vu 3,3 lao dong. Lao dong chii yeu la<br /> chua dupe dao tao nhieu ve kien thirc nong<br /> lam nghiep, kien thirc ho thu lupin dupe chii<br /> yeu qua cac lop ngan ngay do sir trp giiip cua<br /> chuong trinh khuyen nong. Cac trang trai<br /> thuong hinh thanh tir phat, kinh nghiem ciia mot<br /> so chii trang trai con it, lam an chua c6 tam nhin<br /> xa. Trinh dp ciia chii trang trai nong lam ket<br /> hpp va nong lam djch vu nhin chung cao hon<br /> trinh dp ciia cac chii trang trai khac.<br /> <br /> Bang 1. Dien tich trang trai dieu tra 6 cac xa viing ven TP Yen Bai nam 2009<br /> Loai trang trai<br /> <br /> n<br /> <br /> Qui mo dien tich<br /> <br /> S6TT<br /> <br /> Ty le %<br /> TN<br /> <br /> NLkll<br /> <br /> NLDV<br /> <br /> 1<br /> <br /> i) 1 trang trai < 2 ha<br /> <br /> 9<br /> <br /> 18.7<br /> <br /> 4<br /> <br /> 2<br /> <br /> 3<br /> <br /> 2<br /> <br /> D1 Irang Irai tir 2 den < 5 ha<br /> <br /> 20<br /> <br /> 43.7<br /> <br /> 4<br /> <br /> 10<br /> <br /> 6<br /> <br /> 3<br /> <br /> Di' trang trai lir 5 di3n < 10 ha<br /> <br /> 12<br /> <br /> 21,9<br /> <br /> 1<br /> <br /> -5<br /> <br /> 6<br /> <br /> 4<br /> <br /> 1)1 trang trai tir 10 dijn < 20 ha<br /> <br /> 5<br /> <br /> 12,5<br /> <br /> 0<br /> <br /> 2<br /> <br /> 3<br /> <br /> 5<br /> <br /> 1)1 trang Irai lir > 20 ha<br /> <br /> 4<br /> <br /> 3.2<br /> <br /> 0<br /> <br /> 3<br /> <br /> I<br /> <br /> 50<br /> <br /> 100,00<br /> <br /> 9<br /> <br /> 22<br /> <br /> 19<br /> <br /> Tong so<br /> <br /> Nguon: .so lieu dieu tra<br /> <br /> Ngo Xuan Hoana<br /> <br /> Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE<br /> <br /> " Phuong hifdng san xuat. Cac trang trai a<br /> da\ chu \eu dupe chia lam 3 loai, trang trai<br /> thuan nong (TN), trang trai nong lam ket hpp<br /> (NLKH) va trang trai nong lam djch vu<br /> (NLDV). Viec xac djnh phuong huong san<br /> xuat ciia trang trai dupe quyet djnh bdi qui<br /> dat, trinh dp cua chii trang trai, dieu kien thi<br /> truang... Thuc te cho thay: trang trai thuan<br /> nong CO so lupng nho voi 4 trong tong so 32<br /> trang trai, nhung trang trai nay c6 quT dat it.<br /> gan dudng quoc 16, san xuat chii yeu cac loai<br /> san pham nhu rau. hoa. liia va chan nuoi ga<br /> vjt. Trang trai NLKH chiem ty trpng Ion<br /> (chiem 50% -16 trang trai), so con lai la trang<br /> trai NLDV co 12 chiem ty trpng 37.5%.<br /> Nhung trang trai nay thuong o' noi co qui dat<br /> Ion hon. san xuat voi qui mo Ion va lupng san<br /> pham hang hoa cao hon.<br /> * Von phuc vu san xudl. Mot trong nhung<br /> nguon lire quan trpng co tinh chat quyet djnh<br /> ket qua san xuat la von va trang bj co' sd vat<br /> chat ky thuat. Qua dieu tra cho thay: Cac<br /> trang trai thirdng dau tu mire von dudi 30<br /> tricu chiem 62.5 % trong do trang trai nong<br /> lam ket hop cd 81,5%, trang trai thuan nong<br /> 50%, trang trai nong lam djch vu cd 41,7%<br /> dau tu o' mire nay. Loai trang trai cd mire dau<br /> tir lien 100 Irieu chiem 15.6% trong dd chu<br /> yeu la trang trai nong lam djch vu chiem 75%<br /> tong sd cac trang trai dau tu. Trang trai thuan<br /> nong cd 50% so trang trai dau tu > 70 trieu do<br /> khong cd Ipi the ve dat dai trong phuong<br /> hiidng san xuat la chan nuoi gia siic gia cam.<br /> trong nhCrng cay ngan ngay cd gia trj kinh te<br /> cao yeu can dau tir Ion nhir: hoa hong, hoa<br /> hue. Trang trai nong lam ket hpp phan Idn<br /> diiu tu < 30 trieu do phirong hudng san xuat<br /> cua loai hinh trang trai nay la trong. chain sdc<br /> che. cay an qua. cay lam nghiep dang trong<br /> giai doan sinh truong. phat trien. su di^mg lao<br /> dong nhieu. nen mtic dau tu khong cao.<br /> Trang trai nong lam dich vu cd mire dau tu<br /> nhieu nhat thuong > 70 trieu do dac thii cua<br /> plnrong hudng san xuat. Hp phai thucing<br /> <br /> 7 5 ( 1 3 ) : 9 - 18<br /> <br /> xuyen tiep can thi trtrdng cd khi phai irng von<br /> cho ben tieu thu. cho thue lao dong nen yeu<br /> cau vdn Ion. Nhu vay: Mire dau tu von cua<br /> cac loai hinh trang trai la khong deu nhau.<br /> cac trang trai nong lam ket hpp la dau tu it<br /> nhat. cac trang trai nong lam djch vu thiidng<br /> dau tu nhieu hon. Sir dung vdn ciia trang trai<br /> phu thupc vao phirong hudng san xuat. vao<br /> cac loai hinh trang trai...Loai hinh trang trai<br /> sir dung vdn nhieu la loai hinh trang trai<br /> nong lam dich vu, sir dung it nhat la nong<br /> lam ket hpp.<br /> * Vdn de lieu tint san plidiii. Phuong thirc tieu<br /> thu het sire da dang. San pham cua trang trai<br /> thudng ban budn, ban le hoac ket hop ca ban<br /> budn va ban le. Cac san pham phan Idn tieu<br /> thu trong dja ban thanh pho Yen Bai nhir cac<br /> sail pham gia cam, chan nuoi gia siic, chan<br /> nuoi ca theo hinh thirc tieu thu gian tiep. Cac<br /> sail pham nong nghiep nhu che, cay an qua,<br /> thudng ap dung ca hai phuong thirc tieu thu<br /> va tieu thu d thj truong trong tinh.<br /> Ket qua va hieu qua san xuat trang trai<br /> Ket cpia vd hieu qua kinh le cua trang Irai<br /> theo phifovg hiivng san xudl.<br /> De danh gia ket qua san xuat va hieu qua kinh<br /> te ciia cac loai hinh trang trai, chiing toi phan<br /> tich tren cac chi tieu chii yeu: gia trj san xuat,<br /> chi phi trung gian, thu nhap hon hpp cho tirng<br /> loai hinh ciia tong sd trang trai tren dia ban.<br /> Sd lieu chi tiet duoc the hien qua bang 2. qua<br /> bang sd lieu cho thay:<br /> Ve gid tri san xudl: Tong gia tri san xuiit ciia<br /> cac trang trai nam 2009 dat 3.482.1 trieu.<br /> trong dd trang trai nong lam djch vu dat cao<br /> n\\k la 2093.8 tr.d chi€m 60.1%. trang trai<br /> thuan nong dat it 420.1 trieu dong chiem<br /> 12%. Gia trj san xuat/TT la 108.8 tr/TT trong<br /> dd loai hinh trang trai nong lam dich vu la Idn<br /> nhat 1 74,5 trieu, trang trai nong lam ket hop<br /> la nho nhat 60,8 trieu. Hieu qua sir dung lao<br /> dong trang trai nong lam dich \u Idn nhat<br /> 16,84 Irieu/lao dong.<br /> 1<br /> <br /> 75(13): 9-18<br /> <br /> Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE<br /> <br /> Nao Xuan Hoans<br /> <br /> Bang 2. Ket qua san xuat va hieu qua kinh te cua cac loai hinh t r a n g trai n a m 2 0 0 9<br /> Loai hinh<br /> TT<br /> <br /> Cac chi tieu<br /> <br /> I<br /> <br /> Gia trj san xuat<br /> <br /> 1<br /> <br /> Tong gia trj san xuat<br /> <br /> 2<br /> 3<br /> <br /> DVT<br /> <br /> Tong so<br /> TN<br /> <br /> NLKH<br /> <br /> NLDV<br /> <br /> 968.2<br /> <br /> 2.093.8<br /> <br /> tr.dong<br /> <br /> 3.482.1<br /> <br /> 420,1<br /> <br /> Gia tri san xuat/TT<br /> <br /> «<br /> <br /> 108,8<br /> <br /> 105<br /> <br /> Gia tri san xuat/lao dong<br /> <br /> "<br /> <br /> 31,94<br /> <br /> 35<br /> <br /> 17<br /> <br /> 52.34<br /> <br /> 4<br /> <br /> Gia trj san xuat/dien tich<br /> <br /> d/ha<br /> <br /> 19,9<br /> <br /> 95,6<br /> <br /> 8.24<br /> <br /> 36.6<br /> <br /> Ian<br /> <br /> 1,68<br /> <br /> 1,6<br /> <br /> 2,51<br /> <br /> 1.47<br /> <br /> tr.d<br /> <br /> 2.065,7<br /> <br /> 258,0<br /> <br /> 387.0<br /> <br /> 1.420.7<br /> <br /> "<br /> <br /> 64,5<br /> <br /> 64,4<br /> <br /> 24,2<br /> <br /> 118,4<br /> <br /> tr.d/ha<br /> <br /> 11,8<br /> <br /> 59.4<br /> <br /> 3,3<br /> <br /> 24,8<br /> <br /> tr.d<br /> <br /> 1416.4<br /> <br /> 162.1<br /> <br /> 581.2<br /> <br /> 673.1<br /> <br /> "<br /> <br /> 44,3<br /> <br /> 40,6<br /> <br /> 36.3<br /> <br /> 56.1<br /> <br /> tr.d/ha<br /> <br /> 8,1<br /> <br /> 36,2<br /> <br /> 4,95<br /> <br /> 11,8<br /> <br /> 5<br /> <br /> Gia trj san xuat/chi phi<br /> <br /> II<br /> <br /> Chi phi trung gian<br /> <br /> 1<br /> <br /> Tong chi phi trung gian<br /> <br /> 2<br /> <br /> Chi phi trung gian/TT<br /> <br /> 3<br /> III<br /> 1<br /> <br /> Chi phi trung gian/dien tich<br /> <br /> 60.50 1<br /> <br /> 174,5<br /> <br /> Thu nhap hon hop<br /> Tong thu nhap<br /> <br /> 2<br /> <br /> Thu nhap hon hcrp/TT<br /> <br /> 3<br /> <br /> Thu nhap hon hop/dien tich<br /> <br /> 4<br /> <br /> Thu nhap hon hcrp/chi phi<br /> <br /> Ian<br /> <br /> 0,68<br /> <br /> 0,6<br /> <br /> 1,51<br /> <br /> 0,47<br /> <br /> 5<br /> <br /> Thu nhap hon hgp/khau<br /> <br /> tr.d<br /> <br /> 8,91<br /> <br /> 8,3<br /> <br /> 7,6<br /> <br /> 10,7<br /> <br /> 6<br /> <br /> Thu nhap hon hgp/LD<br /> <br /> "<br /> <br /> 13<br /> <br /> 13,08<br /> <br /> 10,27<br /> <br /> 16,84<br /> <br /> Nguon: So lieu dieu tra cua tac gia.<br /> <br /> Ve thu nhap: Loai hinh trang trai thuan nong<br /> thu nhap/dien tich Idn nhat 36,2 tr/ha do dien<br /> tich thap hp tap trung vao trong cay cd gia trj<br /> kinh te cao, ngan ngay, tap trung dau tu tham<br /> canh nen cd thu nhap Idn. Cac cay trdng<br /> thudng la cay indi nhu hoa hong, hoa hue, cd<br /> thu nhap rat cao, ket hpp chan nuoi gia c4m<br /> theo hudng cong nghiep chu ky san xuat ngan<br /> va khong cd cac san pham dd dang cho nam<br /> sau. Loai hinh trang trai nong lam ket hpp cd<br /> thu nhap thap hon, co' cau cay trdng thudng la<br /> cay liia phuc vu cho gia dinh ket hpp chain<br /> sdc cay che, cay an qua, tan thu san pham cua<br /> nong nghiep. Nam 2009 gia san pham nong<br /> nghiep re vi vay hieu qua san xuat khong cao.<br /> Mot sd trang trai dang trong chu ky san xuat<br /> ciia san pham, san pham con trong giai doan<br /> dd dang, chua cd san pham thu trong nam nen<br /> thu nhap con han che. Loai hinh trang trai<br /> nong lam djch vu do tan dung dupe uu the<br /> cua djch vu, nghe phu, phan nao ciing han che<br /> dupe rui ro trong san xuat khi gia nong san<br /> giam. Chii trang trai thudng linh boat hon vi<br /> 12<br /> <br /> vay hieu qua san xuat ciia loai hinh trang trai<br /> nay on djnh va ben v&ng. Hieu qua su' dung<br /> vdn luu dong binh quan dat 1,68 \kn trong do<br /> hieu qua sir dung ciia loai hinh trang trai nong<br /> lam ket hpp la Idn nhat do tan dung dupe Ipi<br /> the dat dai. Binh quan mot lao dong san xu4t<br /> ra gia trj hang la 31,94 trieu ddng; thu<br /> nhap/kh4u la 8,91 trieu dong; thu nhap/lao<br /> dong la 13 trieu.<br /> Nhu vay, qua nghien cun cho tha>: loai hinh<br /> trang trai san xuat san pham hang hoa nh\ki<br /> nhat la loai hinh trang trai nong lam djch vu<br /> loai hinh nay cd ket qua san xu4t va hieu qua<br /> kinh te cao han.<br /> Ket qua san xuat va hieu qua kinh te cua cac<br /> loai hinh trang trai theo quy mo dien tich.<br /> Theo danh gia dien tich anh hudng dSn kk<br /> qua va hieu qua kinh te ciia trang trai chiing<br /> tdi phan loai theo quy mo dien tich theo cac<br /> kieu loai hinh nghien ciru anh hudng ciia<br /> dien tich den ket qua, hieu qua kinh te cua<br /> trang trai.<br /> <br /> Ngo Xuan Hoang<br /> <br /> 75(13): 9- 18<br /> <br /> Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE<br /> <br /> * Doi vdi trang trai thuan nong: Qua bang sd<br /> lieu cho thay, loai trang trai cd quy md < I ha<br /> thuong la nhung trang trai cd vj tri giao thong<br /> thuan Ipi cho tieu thu hang hoa, dat dai phu sa<br /> mau md. Phuong hudng san xuat chii yeu la<br /> chan nuoi gia cam theo hudng cong nghiep,<br /> trdng hoa cd chu ky san xuat ngan, cd san<br /> pham thudng xuyen dua ra thj trudng, hoa la<br /> cay mdi nen thu nhap cao hon. Thu nhap binh<br /> quan khoang 71 trd/trang trai, thu nhap hdn<br /> hpp/LD la 17,8 trd, thu nhap/ nhan khau la<br /> 11,8 trd. Loai trang trai cd quy md tii' 1 den 2<br /> ha trang trai loai nay phuong hudng san xuat<br /> la trdng che, chan nuoi, trdng liia nam 2009<br /> gia nong san re nen cd anh hudng den thu<br /> nhap ciia trang trai. Loai trang trai cd quy md<br /> > 2 ha phuong hudng san xuat la trdng che,<br /> cay an qua tuy cd it nhieu Ipi the hon ve dien<br /> tich, nhung do vj tri, dat dai, san pham nong<br /> nghiep re nen thu nhap khong cao.<br /> Nhin chung: trang trai thuan nong la ket qua<br /> san xuat bj anh hudng bdi dien tich trang trai,<br /> nhung trong trudng hpp neu chenh lech ve<br /> dien tich khong Idn thi nhan to anh hudng den<br /> ket qua san xuat, hieu qua san xuat chinh la vj<br /> tri ciia trang trai, phuong hudng san xuat va<br /> loai san pham hang hoa ciia trang trai dua ra<br /> thj trudng.<br /> * Doi vdi Trang trai nong 1dm ket hap:<br /> Nghien ciru cac chi tieu dien tich anh hudng<br /> den ket qua san xuat va hieu qua kinh te loai<br /> hinh trang trai ndng lam ket hop qua bang 3.<br /> <br /> Ddi vdi loai hinh trang trai ndng lam ket hop<br /> do phuong hudng san xuat la trdng trpt, chan<br /> nuoi, lam nghiep. Chu ky san xuat cay lam<br /> nghiep dai dau tu mot nam, nhieu nam sau<br /> mdi cd san pham thu hoach, nam 2009 cac<br /> trang trai nay dang trong chu ky san xuat chi<br /> phi danh vao cham sdc, tan thu san pham la<br /> chu yeu.<br /> Ddi vdi loai hinh trang trai nay dien tich anh<br /> hudng Idn den ket qua va hieu qua san xuat,<br /> trang trai cd dien tich cang Idn thi ket qua san<br /> xuat cang cao do trang trai Idn tan dung dupe<br /> Ipi the ve quy md. Nhdm trang trai cd dien<br /> tich Idn td ra chiem uu the hon (28,7 tr.d/nam<br /> va 66,7 tr.d/nam).<br /> * Doi vai Trang trai nong lam dich vu:<br /> Nghien cun anh hudng ciia dien tich den ket<br /> qua san xuat cua loai hinh trang trai ndng lam<br /> djch vu qua sd lieu cho thay: Loai quy md<br /> trang trai < 3 ha cd 5 trang trai phuong hudng<br /> san xuat la cay che, cay an qua, chan nuoi ket<br /> hop vdi djch vu la lam dau chi phi khong cao<br /> so vdi loai hinh khac. Loai quy md trang trai<br /> tir 3 den 5 ha cd 2 TT phuong hudng chan<br /> nuoi Ipn, trdng trpt. nghe phu la nau rupu.<br /> Loai hinh trang trai nay vdn de san xuat<br /> nhieu; khi ung vdn cho tieu thu hoat dong san<br /> xuat kinh doanh rat linh hoat. Loai quy md<br /> trang trai > 5 ha cd 5 TT phuong hudng la<br /> chan nuoi Ipn, trdng che, cay an qua....thu<br /> nhap ngoai tir djch vii ndng nghiep, nghe phu<br /> la lam gach ngdi.<br /> <br /> Bang 3. Ket qua san xuat va hieu qua kinh te ciia trang trai nong lam ket hop theo quy mo dien tich<br /> DVT<br /> <br /> 10 ha<br /> <br /> tr.d<br /> <br /> 290,9<br /> <br /> 3<br /> <br /> Gia tri san \uat/chi phi<br /> <br /> lln<br /> <br /> 485,9<br /> 48,5<br /> 1.82<br /> <br /> 192.3<br /> <br /> 2<br /> <br /> Gia trj san xuat<br /> Tong gia tri san xuat<br /> Gia tri san xuat/TT<br /> <br /> II<br /> 1<br /> 2<br /> <br /> Chi phi trung gian<br /> Tong chi phi trung gian<br /> Chi phi trung gian/TT<br /> <br /> tr.d<br /> u<br /> <br /> III<br /> 1<br /> 2<br /> <br /> Thu nhap hon hop<br /> Tong thu nhap hon hgp<br /> Thu nhap hon hop/TT<br /> <br /> 3<br /> 4<br /> <br /> Thu nhiip hon htTp/chi phi<br /> Ihu nhap hon hop/LD<br /> <br /> 5<br /> <br /> Thu nhap hon hop/khau<br /> <br /> TT<br /> I<br /> 1<br /> <br /> Cac chi tieu<br /> <br /> It<br /> <br /> 64.1<br /> <br /> 97<br /> <br /> 2,93<br /> <br /> 3,22<br /> <br /> 266.8<br /> <br /> 65.6<br /> <br /> 90.9<br /> <br /> 26.6<br /> <br /> 21.8<br /> <br /> 30.3<br /> <br /> tr.d<br /> <br /> 219,1<br /> <br /> 126,7<br /> <br /> 200<br /> <br /> It<br /> <br /> 21,9<br /> <br /> 42.23<br /> <br /> 66.66<br /> <br /> ISn<br /> <br /> 0,96<br /> 9<br /> <br /> 1,93<br /> <br /> 2.20<br /> <br /> tr.d<br /> <br /> 9.5<br /> <br /> 18<br /> <br /> "<br /> <br /> 6<br /> <br /> 6.7<br /> <br /> 13.3<br /> Nguon: So lieu dieu Ira<br /> <br /> 13<br /> <br />