30<br />
<br />
NG6N NGf & B(n S6NG<br />
<br />
S6 11 (Uiyiois<br />
<br />
GIANG DAY TIENG ANH<br />
TRONG THOfI DAI TRUYEN THONG S 6<br />
Tir GOC NHIN CUA NGON N G C HQC XA H Q I<br />
TEACHING ENGLISH IN THE DIGITAL AGE:<br />
A SOCIOLINGUISTIC PERSPECTIVE<br />
NGUYEN V A N LONG<br />
(TS; Dgi hpc Ngo^i ngjr, D^i hpc DA NAng)<br />
Abstract: This meta-analysis paper discusses novelty conceptions in tiie tiieory and methodology<br />
of teaching English under a sosiolinguistic p^spective and digital discourse in the era of digital<br />
media. The introduction briefly presents tiie recent research in the field of sociolinguistics. including<br />
the topics, trends and social-oriented language learning tiiat global researchers have pointed out, in<br />
order to help us associate the stance of digital discourse ui this field of linguistics. Through these<br />
studies, it is seen there are four concepts that should be defined in sociolinguistics in this digital<br />
media era: discourse, technology, multi-dimensional communication, and ideology. The analysis<br />
revolves around the relationship between the concepts above and provide orientations for teaching<br />
foreign languages in this digitized era.<br />
K ^ words: English teaching; sociolinguistics; digital discourse; digital media; digital era.<br />
1. Mdt s i vdn d l chung vl truyen thdng s i<br />
vA ngdn ngi^thdi dgi truyen thdng so<br />
1.1. 'Truyen thdng mdi" hay "trayen thdng<br />
si" IA mdt thu$t ngfi- trong n g ^ truyin tiidng<br />
vA bAo chf, xudt h i ^ d i^iin cuii cua thl kl 20.<br />
Vdi truyen thdng so, ngudi ddng cd khA nAng<br />
tmy c^ theo yeu cdu n$i dung bdt cii luc nAo,<br />
bdt cii noi nAo, tren bat kl thiet bj lu thugt si,<br />
cung nhu nlianh chdng tuong tAc vdi thdng tin<br />
phAn hii, tham gia sdng tgo vA UnhtiiAnhcdng<br />
ding trao dii vin$i dung truyen thdng. L^i the<br />
dau tien ciia truyen thdng so IA tinh chdt binh<br />
dAng: ngudi tham gia cd thl ty s ^ g tgo, phan<br />
phii, xuat bAn vA tieu thy n$i dung tren cAc<br />
thuong ti^n truyin thdng. Dilm phAn bi^t cAc<br />
phuong ti^n truyen thdng s i vdi phuong ti^n<br />
truyin tiidng tmyln thong IA v i ^ npi dung Aipc<br />
si hda. NgoAi ra cdn tuih ^ n d$c dilm nAng<br />
ddng cda quA trinh san xuat ndi dung: cd tiie<br />
dupc thyc lii$n trong tiiin gian thyc. Vgy cAc d^c<br />
dilm ciia truyoi thdng so cd ^ nghta ^ dii vdi<br />
ngdn ngCt xS hdi hpc? DAy IA mdt cAu hdi tiid vj<br />
r £ cdn cAc nhA n ^ & i c^ gjAi thfch.<br />
1.1 Tlieo Hiurlow vA Mroczek [1], chi cd ba<br />
dn b&n kl tii nAm 1996 md tA mpt quan dilm<br />
<br />
giing nhau vl ngdn ngf^ d thdi dgi truyin thdng<br />
si. Sau dn i^idm mang tfnh cAch mfuig<br />
ConqjtUer-mediated communication: Linguistic,<br />
social and cross-ctdtural perspectives cda<br />
Herring [2]IA cuin The multilingual intemet:<br />
language, culture and communication online cda<br />
Danet vA Herring [3] vA tilp theo IA Language<br />
and new media: linguistic, cultural, and<br />
technological evolutions cua Rowe vA Wyss [4].<br />
DT nhidn, cuin sAch dut^c dpc vA trich ddn nhilu<br />
nhdt nAm 2000 From alphabet to email cda<br />
Baron [5], cung IA moc quan trpng cho ngdn ngft<br />
xA hpi hpc trong tiidi dgi t n i y ^ tiidng si. CQng<br />
cd nhQng Anh hudng tuong ty cda cimg tAc gjA U<br />
cuon sAch Ahvcys on: Language in an online<br />
and mobile world [6]. Dii ft dupc trich ddn cho<br />
cAc n ^ d n curu hon, nhung Lan^tage md the<br />
intemet [7] vA Texting: The gr8 dbS [8] cda<br />
Crystal cQng cyc Id phi biln vA fliu hdt dupc<br />
cdng chdng chd ]^ den vai trd cda ng&i ngft trong<br />
tii^ dgi truyen tiidng s i .<br />
CQng trong tiidi dilm nAy, cQng dA cd dia ba<br />
t ^ chf chiQ'dn ng&nh cho ra cAc chuydn san vl<br />
ngdn ngO/di^ ngdn vA tniyin tiidng si. Hai<br />
trong ba daxyta san nAy dupc tffi chf Journal of<br />
<br />
S6 11 (241)-2015<br />
<br />
N G 6 N NGCT & Ddi S6NG<br />
<br />
computer-mediated commimication cho ra din;<br />
mdt IA do Danet vA Herring chd bidn vAo nAm<br />
2003, vdi chu dl "hlnh thiic da ngdn ngff tron^<br />
tmyen thdng si", lAm tien than cho m^t chuyen<br />
san khAc trdn cung tgp chf trdn, vdi chu dl 'dien<br />
ngdn vdi truyen thdng si ciia thl h$ trd' vAo nAm<br />
2009. Chuydn san thut ba IA ciia chu bidn<br />
Androutsopoulo v l "giao tilp qua trung gian<br />
mAy tfah" [9] tren t ^ chf Ngdn ngft hpc xA hdi<br />
(Journal of sociolinguistics).<br />
NWn tiig6cd^ toAn cau hda. Herring [2,10,<br />
11] md tA cAc cdng tinh nghien cdu ciia minh<br />
nhu IA cAc phAn tieh diln ngdn thdng qua mAy<br />
tfnh (computer-mediated discourse analysis), qua<br />
dd tAc gjA sAp xIp cAc thd: ty uu tidn cho cAc<br />
hudng nghien ciiu nhu sau: 1/Biensicdngngh$,<br />
bao gom tinh dong bp, kfeh tiiudc cua bd d$m<br />
tiidng tin, danh tinh ngudi giii tin, thih bin vfhig<br />
cua hpi thogi, cAc kenh truyen thdng (vf dy, vAn<br />
bAn, Am tiianh, video), chi d$ ty d$ng Ipc; 2/<br />
Biln si tinh huing. bao gim cdu tnic tham gia<br />
(vf dy, md/ddng, so i^udi tham gia), nhan the<br />
ngufri tham gia, myc dich, chu de, miic dd tham<br />
gia, mA ngdn ngft; 3/ Biln till ngdn ngft Qio^<br />
cAc tinh nAng diln ngdn), bao gom cau tnic (vf<br />
dy, kilu chft, chfnh tA, logi tir, cau tnic cAu),<br />
nghia (gim cAc bilu tupng, Idi ndi, Idi phAt bilu,<br />
trao ^ ) , tuong tAc (vf dy. lupt ndi, phAt tiiln<br />
chu de), vA chdc nAng xA hpi (vf dy, ddnh ddu<br />
danh tinh, h ^ hudc vA vui choi, thl hi$n qua<br />
khudn m$t. xung dpt).<br />
Day IA khung co bAn cho cAc bien tiie diln<br />
ngdn trong truyin thdng si, tgo nen tAng cho rat<br />
nhilu nghien cuoi trong Itnh vyc ngdn ngft hpc<br />
xA hdi vA tham chieu xuyen suit Imh vyc dien<br />
ngdn sd. Mpt vAi tAc gjA khAc c6n ddy Imh vyc<br />
mdi nAy xa hon vA de xuat mdt chuong trinh<br />
nghien cdu ngdn ngft hpc T^ hOi hipn dgi hon;<br />
Itnh vyc mA tiiudng dupfc gpi ten IA giao tiep qua<br />
trung gian mAy tinh. Trong phdn gidi thi?u trdn<br />
tgp<br />
chf<br />
Journal<br />
of<br />
sociolinptistics,<br />
Androutsopoulos [9] dA cd cAc dl x u ^ gim:<br />
1/Cdn kilm tra lgi cAc giA tiiuylt vl cAc d$c<br />
trung cda ngdn ngft tren truyen tiidng si; 2/Cdn<br />
chuyin d)ch hudng nghidn ciiu vupt qua cAc d$c<br />
tinh don giAn (ding thdi vA khdng diim thdi)<br />
cua giao tilp qua mAy tfnh; 3/Cdn c h u y ^ djch<br />
<br />
31<br />
<br />
hudng nghidn curu ra khdi vi$e nhdn mgnh quA<br />
mdc vl eAc d ^ tinh ngdn ngft hpc cua ngdn ngft<br />
trong truyin thdng si, cy the IA bAn chdt cua till<br />
logi ngdn ngft trong truyin thdng s i (vfin ndi vA<br />
vAn viet); 4/Can chuyin djch tft nghien edu lien<br />
quan den ylu t i phuongtiiufcdin cAc gjAi phAp<br />
Udn quan din ngudi dung.<br />
Trong cdng tdnh gin dAy, Androutsopoulos<br />
[12] tiep tyc ung hd gjA trj cua nghidn ciiu djnh<br />
hlnh b£n logi diln ngdn - dAn tpc hpc hon IA cAch<br />
tilp c|n cAc biln thl. Lidn quan din dilu nAy,<br />
Androutsopoulos chi ra rAng, cAc nhA ndiidn cuu<br />
dA vupt qua mil quan tam mpt ehilu ve cAc d$c<br />
thih cua ngdn ngft trong truyen tiidng si vA vl<br />
vi^c khoanh djnh diln ngdn cA nhan; thay vAo<br />
dd, chd ^ nhilu hon den hogt dpng theo tinh<br />
huing cua ngudi sii dyng ngdn ngft trong tmyen<br />
thdng mdi vA din cAch sii dyng nhilu phuong<br />
ti$n giao tilp cimg ldc (vf dy: mgng xA hpi).<br />
Tuong ty nhu v$y, trong mpt bAi bAo trudc<br />
day tren tgp chf Pragmatics vA trong bai phd<br />
bhih tren chuyen san cua Androutsopoulos,<br />
Georgakopoulou [13] tdm tAt vA dua ra vdn de<br />
ve chu dl nghidn cdu trong Imh vyc ngdn ngQ<br />
hpc gan day trong m$t Itnh vyc rdng hon IA giao<br />
tiep qua edng ngh$. TAc giA nAy ciing dl xudt<br />
hudng nghien ciiu tuong lai, song song vdi<br />
hudng do Androutsopoulos dl xudt: 1/Cdn tiiira<br />
nh§n cAch mA truyin thdng so pha trdn iii hAnh<br />
vAn ndi vA vilt; 2/ Cdn chd trpng ft hon din<br />
ehdc nAng "thdng tin" ciia giao tiep qua cdng<br />
ngh§ vA nhilu hon cAch thl hi$n bAn thl qua<br />
dd giao tilp nAy duprc sit dyng; 3/Cdn bAo dAm<br />
nghidn curu ngdn ngft du^c d$t trdn nln tAng<br />
vAn hda - xA hdi rdng hon; 4/Cdn ludn xem<br />
xdt kit nil giao tiep tryc tuyIn vA giao tilp<br />
tryc tilp; cung nhu gifta cAc cdng ngh§ khAc<br />
nhau; 5/Cdn djch chuyin hudng nghien ciiu t^p<br />
trung din bAn chdt bii cAnh vA d$c thii cua<br />
ngdn ngft tiong truyin tiidng si; 6/ Cdn kit hpp<br />
gifta nghidn ciiu djnh tinh vA djnh lupng.<br />
M$t ldn nfta, cd thl thay trong "tuydn ngdn"<br />
cda Georgakopoulou vl nghien cftu ngdn ngft<br />
trong tru)«n thdng s i Idi kdu gpi c ^ hudng den<br />
y n | ^ xA hdi cua cdng ngh$ vA y nghta d$c tiid<br />
<br />
32<br />
<br />
NGON NGU & BOI S 6 N G<br />
<br />
cho cA nhAn, cho nhdm hoAc cho cpng dong cy<br />
till.<br />
Mdt vdn dl tin dpng lau nay trong linh vyc<br />
hpc tiiu§t ve tiuyin thdng si (cA ngdn ngft hpc<br />
x3 hpi vA cAc ngdnh khAc) IA sy thong trj ciia<br />
tiing Anh - vira IA ngdn ngft xudt ban viia IA dii<br />
tupng nghien c ^ . Trong bO suu t^p mang tfnh<br />
cdch mpng todn tgp chf The Multilin^uil<br />
Intemet, Danet and Herring [3] dA n5 lyc thay<br />
dii tinh huing, thu t h ^ cdc cdng trinh nghien<br />
ciiu vl cAc ngdn ngft khAc ngo^ ti^g Anh tr6n<br />
internet; nhfhig nghidn cuu dupc thyc hi$n bdi<br />
cAc hpc gjd md tieng m? dd eiia hp khdng phAi Id<br />
tiing Anh.<br />
2. Phgm vi ciia ngon ngft hpc x3 hpi trong<br />
tmyln thdng so<br />
Theo cdc nhA nghidn ciiu trong Imh vyc mdi<br />
md ndy (Herring, Androutsopoulos, Danet. and<br />
(jeorgakopoulou), cd bin khdi nidm gidp<br />
khoanh vdng phgm vi nghidn curu ciia ngdn ngft<br />
hpc x3 hOi [14] trong truyen thdng so vA IA nen<br />
tdng cho cdc n^ien curu ve dien ngdn so. Bon<br />
khAi ni^m nAy cd Hen h$ ni|t thilt vdi nhau vA<br />
v i ^ tAch chung ra IA chi de v i ^ phSn tich de<br />
ddng hon.<br />
11. Diin ngdn: ngdn ngit, phuong thiec vd<br />
cong ngh$ hda<br />
Khi d$t ngdn ngft vAo diing chS cda nd, ngay<br />
tir ddu cdn xAc djnh mye dfeh nghien edu ngdn<br />
ngft d miic dd nd cd thl lAm rd cAc tiln trinh<br />
phdt triln vAn hda vA x3 hpi [13, IS]. Ndi cAch<br />
khdc, mii quan tAm hAng dau cua chung ta<br />
khdng phAi IA yeu ti ngdn ngft "ngft p h ^ " trftu<br />
tupng ciia ngdn ngft hpc mA cAch ngdn ngft dupc<br />
six dyng trong ddi song hAng ngAy, hay cdn gpi<br />
IA dien ngdn.<br />
Ngdn ngft hpc xA hpi vA phan tich diln ngdn<br />
djnh hudng ngdn ngft can dupc nghidn ciiu theo<br />
cAc diem chung Id: chiic nAng xA hpi ciia ngdn<br />
ngft, ket quA tuong tdc ciia nghta, tam quan trpng<br />
cda myc dfeh giao tiep, vA sy lien h$ den bdi<br />
cAnh vAn hdaM hdi [16]. Dilu nAy mang den<br />
hai ^ xudt cy till cho ngdn ngft hpc xA hpi trong<br />
truyin tiidng si. M$t IA, ndn thira nh§n bdn cm.<br />
trung g^ [17, 18] eiia tdt cA phuong thuc gjao<br />
tilp, chii khdng chi giao tilp qua trung gian IA<br />
cdng ngh$; gjao tilp ludn du ngay cA cdng nghd &^<br />
tilp mdi, thudng khdng mang tfnh cAch m^ng<br />
cao nhu chdng ta mong dpi. Chiing thudng dupc<br />
nhiing vAo trong cAc hogt dpng gjao ti^ hdng<br />
ngAy [10]. VI v|iy, cdng ngh? nen dupc xem nhu<br />
edng cy h i ti? eho khA nAng vA cupc sing cia<br />
con nguin, gdn giing nhu thiet hi trytiifnhhay<br />
chile k9p gidy [22,23].<br />
Chfnh vl If do nAy - d$c diem chi mang tioli<br />
h i trp ciia cdng n ^ § - mA chdng ta cd khti<br />
ni$m truyin thdng trong cdng nsh$- Dii vdi<br />
chdng ta, ndi din "truyin thdng so" IA cAch dl<br />
vgch rd - vA qua dd thira nh$n - khuynh hudng<br />
ciia cdc vAn bdn hpc thi4t vA phi tiidng ddnh<br />
giA cao vai trd cua cdng n ^ d trong cAc ho^t<br />
ddng vAn hda vA xA hOi [11]. Nelson [241 dgi J<br />
ndi rilng, "chile Ao khdng lAm ndn thdy tu",<br />
cQng gjong nhu khi chdng ta quan tam din voi<br />
0^ cua ngdn ngft trong ddi sing xA hdi, chdng<br />
ta cQng quan tAm din vai brd cdng ngh$ d j<br />
<br />
S6 11 (241>.2015<br />
<br />
N G 6 N NGCT & Ddi S6NG<br />
<br />
nghta vAn hda.Tft gde dp cda n ^ n ngft hpe xA<br />
hdi vA phAn tich dien ngdn. chdng ta cQr^ quan<br />
tAm din vi^c cdng nghd cd thl cho ta bilt gi vl<br />
ngdn ngft.<br />
13. Giao tiqf da phucmg tifn: vugt qua<br />
gidi hgn ngdn ngit<br />
Da phuong ti^ dao tilp IA phdn hiln nhidn<br />
trong nghidn curu vd truyin thdng s i . Nd dupc<br />
xem IA khAi ni$m cit I5i cua ngdn ngft hpc xA<br />
hdi vA phAn tieh diln ngdn [25]. Lidn quan din<br />
y nAy, dd ^ I n tiiftc khAc<br />
Ijch sft phAt tiiln.<br />
nhau.<br />
<br />
34<br />
<br />
NG6N NGC & B 6 I S6NG<br />
<br />
S 6 l l (241>-2015<br />
<br />
3.1 Cdc nhan t i cdn tinh din bong phAn tich<br />
6. Baion,n.(2Q0i), Always on: Language in<br />
li \u$n vA lAuong i * ^ gjAng dgy tiing Anh an online and mobile world. Oxfrati: OUP.<br />
trong thdi ^ truyen thdng s i [3], Id sy kit hpp<br />
7. Crystal, D.(2001), Language and the<br />
cdc ylu t i da ngdn ngft, da vAn hda, da truyin intemet. Dunbridge: Cambridge Universilj<br />
thdng, vA da phuong ti?n trong ki nguyen truyin Press.<br />
tiidng si: 1/ Ngdn ngft vA vAn hda (vf dy: cdng<br />
8. Androutsopoulos, J. ^006), ^cid issm<br />
ding ngdn lugn, bii cAnh, vA hi$u sudt); 2/ CAc of the JoiPTtal of sxKiol ingtdstics. 10(4).<br />
h$ thing chft viet (vf dy: nhihig hgn chi cda mA<br />
9. Herring, S.C. (2008), Questiotdng the<br />
ASCn, ling tAc d$c thd cda ngirW sft dyng);3/ generational divide: technological exoticism and<br />
Tfah ndng ngdn ngft vA diln ngdn (vf dy: ehfnh adult construction of online youth iikntity, in<br />
td vA kilu chft); 4/ Gidi vA ngdn ngft (vf dy: tfnh Youth, identity, and digital media, D.<br />
Ijch sy, lupt thogi, vj thl xA hpi khdc nhau); 5/ Buckingjbam, Editor, MIT Press: Cambridge,<br />
Lya chpn ngdn ngft vA mA chuyin dii (vf dy: MA. p. 71-94.<br />
ngdn ngft sii dyng trong cdc cpng ding tryc<br />
10. Androutsopoulos, J. (2010), Localisi^<br />
tuyen); 6/ Da dgng ngdn ngft (vf dy, ngdn ngft the ^bal on the particqxitory web: Vemactd^<br />
trong cdng dong nhd vA cd nguy co tuy^t chung, spectacles as local responses to global imdm<br />
vj till cua tieng Anh).<br />
flows,<br />
m Ibndbook of language and<br />
globalization, N. Coupland, Editor. WileyBen cgnh dd. dilu tilt quA binh hap thy dii Blackwell: Oxford.<br />
vdi nhftng cdng ngh? mdi nhu "Web2.0" cd thl<br />
11. Georgakopoulou, A. (2006), Postscrqjt:<br />
gjup chdng ta di trudc m$t budc trdn con dudng computer-mediated<br />
commtmication<br />
in<br />
tim kiem ^ n h hudng cho dien ngdn s i bong mciolinguistics. Journal of Sociolinguistics.<br />
tiidi dgi truyin thdng ki thugt so.<br />
10(4): p. 548-557.<br />
12. Nguyen VAn Long (2015), ifngdgngcua<br />
TAl LI$U THAM KHAO<br />
1. Thurlow, C. and K. Mioczek (2011), giao tiep qua cdng ngA^ trong st^phdt trien ndi^<br />
lgc<br />
ngogi ngU [The explication of computerIntroduction: fresh perspectives on new media<br />
sociolinguistics,<br />
in<br />
Digital<br />
Discourse: mediated commimication into foreign language<br />
Language in the New Media, C. Thurlow and development]. Tjp chf Ngdn ngft & Ddi song<br />
K. Mroczek, Editors. Oxford University Press: (Language & Life). 3(233): p. 22-25.<br />
New York.<br />
13. Nguyen VAn Long (2013), Ddc tinh ai<br />
n^<br />
2. Herring, S.C, ed (1996), Computer- phgm cda giao tiip qtm cdng<br />
mediated communication: linguistic, social and [Pedagoffcal features of computer-medial<br />
cross-ctdtural perspectives. Pragmatics and commtmication]. T^ chf Khoa hpc vA Cdng<br />
nghd - Bgi hpe DA NSng (Tlie University |<br />
Beyond series, John Benjamins: Amsterdam.<br />
3. Danet, B. and S.C. Herring, eds (2007), Danang Journal of Science and Tedmology).<br />
The mtdtilingual intemet: language, culture, 7(68): p. 37-42.<br />
and commimication online. Oxford Uiuversity<br />
14. Nguyen VAn Long (2008), Conqtute<br />
Press: Oxford.<br />
mediated commtmication andfbreifft lar^uof<br />
4. Rowe, C. and E.L. Wyss, eds (2009), education: Pedagogical features. Intematio^<br />
Ltmguage and new media: linguistic, cidtural. Journal of Insbnctional Technology and<br />
and technological evoltOions. Hampton Press: Distance Learning. 5(12): p. 23-44.<br />
Creskill,NJ.<br />
15. Foucault, M. (1981), The order i<br />
5. Baron, N. (2000), From alphabet to discourse,<br />
in Untying<br />
the Text A<br />
email: How written En^ish evolved and Where Poststructuralist Reader, R, Young, Edilod<br />
it's headed. London: Routiedge.<br />
Roultedge & Keegan Paul: London, p. 48-77.<br />
<br />
Thêm vào BST
Báo xấu
Download
Vui lòng tải xuống để xem tài liệu đầy đủ
