Tìm hiểu về các hành vi ngôn ngữ được sử dụng trong giao tiếp vợ chồng nông dân người Việt giai đoạn 1930-1945

90<br /> <br /> N G 6 N N G C & Ddi S6NG<br /> <br /> So 5 (247)-2016<br /> <br /> iNGON NGtr HQC VA VigT N G C HQCJ<br /> <br /> TIM HIEU VE CAC HANH VI NGON N G f DlTgfC<br /> SU* DUNG TRONG GIAO TIEP VO CHONG NONG<br /> DAN NGX/Cn VIET GIAI DOAN 1930-1945*<br /> A STUDY ON SPEECH ACTS USED IN VIETNAMESE PEASANT SPOUSES'<br /> COMMUNICATION DURING 1930-1945<br /> KHUAT THJ LAN<br /> (TS; Trudng Dgi hgc Su phgm H, Hd Nfi)<br /> Abstract: This article shows that speech acts used in the peasant spouses' communication<br /> during 1930-1945 are abundant and theufrequenciesof usage are not regular. There are some<br /> groups of acts with high frequencies of occurrence and yet some other groups witii<br /> lowfrequencies. What leads totiiisphenomenon is the domination of certain social factors over<br /> the peasant spouses' communication. However, it is undeniable that through their use of speech<br /> acts, their habits, their characteristics of thinking, of social classes and a depth of culture values<br /> which have reigned in every Viet peasant family for thousands of generations are clearly<br /> evident<br /> Key words: speech acts; the peasant spouses'.<br /> cfiu theo chfie ndng giao tilp. Theo<br /> I.D^tvinde<br /> Hdnh vi ngdn ngft (speech act, cdn ggi Id O.Ducrot, "A/di hdnh vi d ldi cdn eo khd<br /> hdnh dgng ngdn ngfi, hdnh dgng ngdn tfi, ndng ldm thay ddi tu cdch phdp nhdn cua<br /> hdnh dgng ndi,...) dugc hieu '7a nhieng phdt ngudi ddi thogi. Chung ddt ngudi noi vd<br /> ngon md khi ngudi ta ndi ehung ra thi ddng ngudi nghe vdo nhirng nghfa vv va quyen lgi<br /> thdi ngudi ta thuc hi$n ngay edi vi^c dugc mdi so vdi tinh trgng cua hg trudc khi hdnh<br /> biiu thi trong phdt ngdn" [1, tr 88]. Theo vi d ldi do dugc ndi rd" [ D§n theo 1, tr 90].<br /> Trong bdi viet nay, chiing tdi vfn dyng li<br /> LAustin (1962), khi sft dyng ngdn ngft dl<br /> giao tiep cung Id ddng thdi thyc hifn 3 hdnh thuyit tren dl klido sdt cdc hdnh vi ngdn<br /> vi: hdnh vi tgo ldi (lotnttionary act), hdnh vi ngft dugc sft dyng trong giao tilp ciia vg<br /> mugn ldi (perlocutionary act) va hdnh vi d ldi ching ndng ddn ngudi Viet tft cdc tdc phdm<br /> (illoeeutionary act). Hdnh vi tgo ldi Id hdnh vivdn hgc 1930-1945.<br /> sft dyng cdc ydu tl cua ngdn ngfi (nhu ngft<br /> 2. khao sdt cy thi<br /> dm, tft,...), cdc quy tic efta ngdn n ^ (nhu cdc<br /> Tiln hdnh khdo sdt, thong kd trdn ting sl<br /> kilu kit hgp tft thdnh cdu, v.v) dd tao ra cdc 200 cufc thogi ciia vg ching ndng dan trong<br /> phdt ngdn cd ^ nghia trong ngdn ngfi. Hdnh vi cdc tac phdm vdn hgc tieu bieu (efta Nam<br /> mugn ldi Id hdnh vi sft dyng (cd thi coi Id<br /> Cao, Ngd Tit To, Nguyin Cdng Hoan,<br /> "mugn") phuang tifn ngdn ngfi de gdy ra mft<br /> hifu qud ngodi ngdn ngfi doi vdi ngudi nghe, Nguydn Hlng, Thach Lam, Td Hodi, Kim<br /> ngudi nhdn, cd khi d chinh ngudi ndi. Hmih vi Ldn, Bfti Hiin, Khdi Hung, Nhit Linh),'<br /> a ldi Id hdnh vi ngudi phdt ngdn thyc hifn chung tdi thu dugc kit qud nhu sau:<br /> 1) Vg ching ndng ddn: sft dung ting sl<br /> ngay trong phat ngdn efta minh vd tao ra<br /> nhftng hifu qua thugc ngdn ngfi (phdn ftng 1891 hdnh vi ngdn ngu. Trong dd: vg sft<br /> ngdn ngfi tuongftngvdi chiing d ngudi nhgn). dyng 1156/1891 hanh vi ngon ngfi, tuang<br /> Trong dd, hanh vi d ldi Id mft trong nhihig duong 61,1%; chong sfi dyng 735/1891 hdnh<br /> phdt hifn quan trgng cua ngdn ngft hgc nghidn vi ngdn ngft, tuang duang 38,9%.<br /> <br /> 91<br /> <br /> NGON NGf & B O I S 6 N G<br /> <br /> S65(247)-2016<br /> <br /> 2,1, Nhiing hdnh vi ngdn ngir dUpfc sA<br /> 2) C ^ hiknh vi ngon ng5 ma v